스트레스, 성격특성과 우울증간의 관계에 관한 연구: 자기 주도성의 조절효과를 중심으로 = A Study regarding the relationships among Stress, Personality Characteristics, and Depression: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Self-Directedness

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between among stress, personality characteristics, and depression. Specifically, this study focused on the moderating effect of the self-directedness between life stress and depression. In this study, the self-directedness which was proposed by Cloninger(1994) as one of the seven-factor model was assumed to play an important role in depression. The subjects were 447 college students(258 males, females 189) who were recruited from fourteen different universities in South Korea. Self reported questionnaires such as Cloninger's the Temperament and Character Inventory based on Cloninger's psycho-biological model, Beck Depression Inventory and Delongins, Folkman & Lazarus(1988)'s Daily Stress Scale were administered to them. The findings were as the follows: First, The female subjects were significantly more depressed than the male subjects. Second, the depressed groups obtained higher scores in harm avoidance, novelty seeking and self-transcendence scales, as well as lower scores in self-directedness, cooperativeness, and reward dependance scales than those of the control groups. Third, the self-directedness among seven factors of the TCI was identified as the most powerful variable for prediction of depression in female subjects. Finally, the moderating effect of self-directedness between stress and depression was significant in female subjects. This results were suggestive that psychological intervention focusing self-directedness would be effective for the depressed woman.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 Cloninger(1994)가 심리생물학적 모델을 근거로 개발한 기질과 성격검사(Temperament and Character Inventory, TCI)를 이용해, 우울증집단과 비우울증집단간의 어떠한 성격특성들 간의 차이가 있는지 알아보고, TCI에서 측정하고 있는 7가지의 성격차원에서 우울증을 가장 잘 설명하는 것으로 추정되는 자기 주도성(self-directedness)이 스트레스와 우울증 사이에 조절효과가 있는지 검증해서, 우울증의 치료적인 개입전략에 대한 중요한 자료를 제공하고자 연구되었다. 이를 위해 OCU(Open Cyber University)로「성행동의 심리학」수업을 듣는 전국 약 14개 대학교의 학생들을 대상으로 수업중 과제로 설문조사를 실시하여, 총 447명의 자료를 수집하고(남자 258명, 여자 189명) 분석하였다. 우울증과 비우울증집단간의 TCI의 7가지 성격특성의 하위척도별 점수 차이를 비교한 결과, 우울증집단이 비우울증집단에 비해 위험회피(harm avoidance), 자극추구(novelty seeking), 자기초월(self-transcendence)이 유의미하게 높았으며, 사회적 민감성(reward-dependence), 자기 주도성(self-directedness), 연대감(cooperativeness)이 유의미하게 낮았다. 특히, TCI 7가지 성격특성 중에서 자기 주도성(self-directedness)이 우울증을 예측하는 가장 강력한 변수임이 드러났다. 마지막으로, 스트레스와 우울증간의 관계에서 자기 주도성(self-directedness)의 조절효과결과, 여자의 경우 스트레스와 우울증간의 관계에서 자기 주도성이 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 우울증 치료시 개입전략에 대한 중요한 자료가 될 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다. 즉, 여자의 경우 우울증 치료시 자기 주도성(self-directedness)에 초점을 맞추어 개입 하는 것이 효과적임을 시사한다.

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