한국판 추론양식 척도(CSQ)의 신뢰도 및 타당도 = Validation of the Korean Version of Cognitive Style Questionnaire

국문 초록 (Abstract)

추론양식 척도(Cognitive Style Questionnaire)는 절망감 이론에서 우울증에 대한 인지취약성 요인으로 제안한 우울생성적 추론양식을 측정한다. 아직까지 국내에는 추론양식 척도가 타당화되지않아 대학생을 대상으로 2번의 연구를 통해 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 우선 2주에걸친 추론양식 척도의 반복 측정을 통해 내적일치도와 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 검증한 결과, 신뢰로운 척도임을 확인하였다. 이어서 6주에 걸친 전향적 종단연구를 통해 타당도를 검증하였다. 확인적 요인분석을 통해 추론양식 척도의 구성타당도를 검증한 결과, 절망감 이론에서 제안한 대로원인, 결과 및 자아가치 추론양식이라는 세 가지 요인으로 구성되었음을 확인하였다. 둘째, 인지취약성 요인인 우울생성적 추론양식과 부정적 생활사건의 상호작용 효과가 6주 후의 절망감 우울증 변화를 유의하게 예측하여 추론양식 척도의 예언타당도가 지지되었다. 그러나 우울증과 공존이환율이 높은 불안에 대한 인지취약성-스트레스 모델의 예측력을 검증한 결과, 불안을 유의하게예측하여 판별타당도는 기각되었다. 결론적으로, 추론양식 척도는 부정적 생활사건에 대한 개인의추론양식을 측정하는 신뢰롭고 타당한 척도임이 입증되었고, 그 시사점을 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Cognitive Style Questionnaire(CSQ) measures the cognitive vulnerability factor featured in the hopelessness theory of depression. The CSQ has been used in some published studies since its inception, however, validity properties of a Korean version of this instrument have yet to be tested. In the study, the psychometric properties of the CSQ were evaluated for use with college students. The CSQ demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability and good test-retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis showed there were 3 latent factors to the CSQ. Moreover, to evaluate a predictive validity of the CSQ, a vulnerability-stress interaction of hopelessness theory was tested. In line with the hypothesis, the interaction of the CSQ with negative events significantly predicted hopelessness depression symptoms.
Overall, results suggest that the CSQ is a highly reliable and valid measurement of cognitive vulnerability to hopelessness depression. The implications of the results for conceptualizing and operationalizing cognitive vulnerability are discussed.

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