지방분권개혁의 제도변화에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Changes in the system of Decentralization Reform

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The constitutional Constitution of the Republic of Korea introduced the local autonomy of the Republic of Korea. Postponed due to internal and external instability factors During the war, local council elections were held, and a new route for local autonomy began.
The three-time local council election period was less than 10 years, and the heads of local governments were operated by appointment system. It is meaningful in that it achieved the historical starting point of decentralization. Decentralization was stopped about 30 years due to the May 16 crisis in 1961.
The demand for direct presidential election through the democratic movement in 1987 led to the revival of decentralization as Candidate Roh Tae-Woo’s 6.29 Declaration and the 9th revision of the Constitution led to the revival of decentralization. With the 4th local council election in 1991 as an opportunity, the central government established an institution to promote local affairs investigations and office distribution. As a non-statutory body, the Joint Regional Migration Council under the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications did not achieve epoch-making reform results. Basic local affairs discovery·investigation was carried out. To supplement the problems of this system, the Kim Dae-jung government enacted a special law, organized a committee based on it, and carried out expanded work. As the system was maintained under the Roh Moo-Hyun administration, the work of decentralization reform expanded further and reached the present.
Today’s decentralization has the characteristics of appearing as residents’ autonomy, balanced national land development, and strengthening of regional specialties. Korea not only follows the trend, but also shows the value orientation of decentralization, especially in the so-called progressive government.
However, even after the change of government, the decentralization reform system did not disappear and continued. After re-entry in 1991, the central government's decentralization reform system has shown path-dependent characteristics from the point of view of historical institutionalism. The path-dependent type of the decentralization reentry period is that the same policy is continuously maintained or reproduced·repeated production. The maintenance or reproduction of existing institutions is described as increasing returns that make it difficult for existing policies to choose a new path or to abolish · departure from existing institutions through the function of locking in a given pattern (Mahoney, 2000: 515). As the causes of path continuity, the influence of policy ideology, legitimacy, and learning effect can be cited.