19세기 후반 타슈켄트의 근대화 과정 -러시아식 오리엔탈리즘에 관한 일고찰-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is clarifying the effectiveness of Russian Orientalism through the modernization of Tashkent in the second half of the 19th century. The Orientalism of E. W. Said -Orientalism as a Western style of dominating, restructuring, and having authority over the Orient- was prevalent in Russian society at that time, showing that the evidence is everywhere. But it must be noted that should not fall into the trap of generalization of Orientalism in the case of Russia for specificity. We first look the theories of Russian Orientalism, and then the civilizing work of the Russians in Tashkent from 1865 to the early 1890s. Finally, will be investigated what the boundaries of the city was destroyed by cholera riots that occurred in 1892, and how the Russian Empire reacted in the confusion of the East-West culture. Russian conquerors managed to Tashkent colonial community to make European society from the perspective of traditional Orientalism. But the methods for stabilizing unstable governing system were forced to take not coercive-predatory route but appeasement-gradual policy. Russian ruling class did not overcome the gap between religious conflict and pursued a policy of Russification through the educational and cultural means, but was not so effective. Traditional Orientalists transformed their Orientalism by the cholera riots. Because of admitting the reality of Muslims` ignored tradition and technology, the colonial policy of the Russians became contradictory. However, as soon as restoring of the social stability, artificial image for ``other`` was appeared and Russian settlers tried to recover authorities as the conqueror.Russian Orientalism shown in Tashkent was generally ``cultural`` and ``passive``. While Orientalists were trying to build an empire through knowledge and humanity, universality and cooperation, they had chosen a gradual method. Even so, the ultimate success is to knock down the walls of Europe and Asia and must assimilate truly, but Russia did not have the ability to do so. Their system ruled by bisecting Tashkent still showed Eastern nationalities with contempt and fear. Eventually, it seems that Russia`s cultural-passive policy would not be greatly effective to the modernization of Tashkent.