韓國 近代女性敎育觀의 硏究 = A Study of the Ideals of Women's Education in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper I am going to examine the Ideals of women's education in modern Korea (1876-1910). The important points discussed are as follows:
First of all, in the period of pre-modern schools in Korea, "book-centered education" was neglected but, emphasis was on morals, etiquette, skills and knowledge of home economics. The purpose was to educate the girls so that, they could become wise mothers and good wives. Lee Ick (Sungho) and Lee Duck Moo (Achung) were the representative figures who held the ideals I have mentioned above.
After the establishment of the modern school in Korea, girls' high schools f·ere also started. The well-known schools are Ewha, Chungsin, Baewha, Soongi, sukmyung, Jinmyung, Dongduck, Kyungki among others.
The leading ideals for women's education in modern Korea were the equality of educational opportunity. In fact, the educational opportunities for women had been limited since ancient times up to then, Therefore, it was a revolutionary event that girls could attend schools as freely as boys.
According to the nature of the financial support of a school, we can divide schools into four types: first, public schools, such as Kyungki Girls' School; second, schools supported by the royal family, such as Sukmyung, Jinmyung; third, Christian schools, such as Ewha, Chungsin, Baewha, and Soongi ; fourth, private schools supported by local sources such as Dongduck.
The ideals of women's education in the public school, Kyungki, which was the only public school open to women, emphasized the following three policies : wearing uniforms and compulsory attendance at physical education classes, which were two quite revolutionary changes, and the training of girls to be wise mothers and good wives. These policies were initiated by Au Yoon Chuck, the first principal of that school.
Contrary to the public girls' school, the ideals of private schools were divided into two patterns : one is that of Christian schools and the other is that of the aristocratic and native private schools. The Christian schools emphasized the double purpose of becoming a good Christian and a good Korean wife, The non-Christian schools held the single ideal of becoming "Hyunmo Yangcho:'a wise mother and good wife, through mastering a modern school curriculum, which included Korean language, mathematics, science, moral education, home economics, and physical education.
To conclude, the significance of women's education was considered to be the advancement of educational equality and the fundamental means of reconstructing the nation. And the ideals of women's education focussed upon the "Hyunmo Yangcho" though the mastering of the modern school curriculum. In Christian schools, the Christian ideals of education were added to the ideals of "Hyunmo Yangcho."

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 一. 序言
• 二. 近代學敎以前의 女性敎育觀
• 三. 近代女學校의 成立 및 建學情神
• 四. 官學에 있어서의 女性敎育觀
• 五. 私學에 있어서의 女性敎育觀
• 六. 결언