Volumetric Change Assessment and Mapping of Coastal Landform Between 2000 and 2011 Using Remote Sensing and Machine Learning Techniques

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Krishna coastal region in Andhra Pradesh and the Nagapattinam coastal region in Tamil Nadu have experienced signifcant alterations in their structure and arrangement as a result of human and natural interference. Afects mostly brought on by the recurrent existence of cyclones. During 2000 and 2011, both Nagapattinam and Krishna districts experienced several cyclonic events, particularly during the monsoon seasons. Coastal landforms have been extracted by thoroughly investigating many spatial data sources, including the Survey of India’s topographical map, the Landsat 8–9 images, the SRTM, and ASTER DEM. Techniques for detecting changes, including topographical change detection, cross-shore profle analysis, and geomorphic change detection (GCD) using DEM of Diference (DoD), Random Forest machine learning and ANN were implemented to assess the volumetric variations in coastal landforms from 2000 to 2011. The volumetric changes of the coastal landforms were verifed using feld survey data collected using a GPS unit. The landforms have lowered in height by 1 to 2 m, according to the topographical change analysis, most likely as a result of cyclone activity in both coastal zones. A total of 16 profles were surveyed for the topographical change evaluation. Investigation of cross-shore profles for eight places shows difering degrees of loss or gain of coastal landforms for a particular coastal area. Overall volumetric changes in the coastal region of Krishna are 164.26 m3 km2 due to erosion and 1047.74 m3 km2 due to accretion. Land grain is 624.54 m3 km2 and net land loss is 21.57 m3 km2 in the Nagapattinam coastal region. In addition to ofering insight into the decadal alteration in coastal settings, the study adds to a database on shore vulnerability, which will be useful to coastal managers going forward.