발트삼국, 지역협력 그리고 유럽통합 = Baltic States, Regional Cooperation and European Integration

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Though Europe with multiple crises caused bewilderment and critiques, there is a growing theoretical and practical concerns over potential development of regional cooperation as minilateralism for the sake of future prospects of European integration.
In this modest paper, the author tried to analyze those regional entities in Central and Eastern European Countries in general and Baltic States in particular. More in detail, it focused upon possible interoperability among Baltic States, regional cooperation and European integration, adopting international relation viewpoints. From what have surveyed we have known that regional entities significantly contribute in decision making process in the EU.
Baltic States, which are Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, are experiencing and at the same time enjoying 15 years of membership in the EU and they are the yearning member states of the Union in terms of restoring democracy, rule of law, human rights and market economy. Nevertheless, they are now confronting resurgent Russia with hybrid security threats and aggressive China. Therefore how to maintain diverse bilateral relations with power countries in the region consists a fundamental and existential issue in those states. In conclusion, this paper argues that regional cooperation could be a helper and at the same time a catalyst using ‘Unity in Diversity’ principle in making turbulent Europe towards a better, desirable and sustainable future.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

다중적 그리고 실존적 위기상황에 처한 오늘의 유럽 현실에서 소다자체는 통합에 긍정적 역할을 할 수 있는가가 중요한 이론적 쟁점으로 부상하고 있다. 이는 특히 중동부유럽지역에서 활발하게 진행되고 있는데, 이 논문은 그 중에서도 유럽연합의 소회원국들의집합체인 발트 3국을 분석의 대상으로 삼아 지역협력과 국제관계 그리고 유럽통합의 상관성을 모색하였다. 지역협력체의 현황을 통해 많은 회원국들이 다양한 동기로 소다자주의를 선호하고 있으며, 실제로 유럽 차원의 의사결정과정에서 최근 상당한 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 평가받고 있다. 발트 3국의 경우 EU 가입 15주년을 맞이하여 중동부유럽국가들에 비해 특별한 의미를 갖는 것으로 판명되었다. 한편으로 시장경제와 민주주의를신봉하고 있다는 점에서 차별적이며, 반러시아 전선을 강하게 구축하는 동시에, 러시아로부터 하이브리드적 안보위협에 처해있기도 하다. 미국, 러시아, 독일, 중국에 둘러싸인 발트 3국은 이들과의 외교적 관계 설정을 통해 적절한 생존의 방법론을 모색할 것으로 추정되었다. 지역협력 연구를 통해 다양성 속에서의 일치라는 유럽의 구호와 양립 가능하며, 오히려 어려운 유럽의 현실에서 이 개념이 통합의 촉매제로 활용될 수 있으리라는잠정적 결론을 얻을 수 있었다.

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