자기수용 개념 연구의 역사적 동향 탐색과 제언 = Exploration and Suggestions for Historical Trends in Self-acceptance Concept Research

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study attempted to identify research trends on how the concept of self-acceptance has been historically developed and analyze the characteristics and limitations of the research to suggest directions and tasks for future research. To this end, we explored the development process of self-acceptance concept research over the last 20th century, and analyzed the characteristics, differences and limitation of various self-acceptance concepts and representative concepts of self-acceptance scales. As the results of the study, first, the concept of self-acceptance first appeared to explain the healthy human image pursued by humanistic psychology in the 1940s. Since then, a number of self-acceptance scales under the influence of humanistic psychology were operationally defined using the characteristics of mentally healthy people identified through qualitative research. They were operationally defined and measured quite comprehensively as perceived ability, positive self concept, and human relations factors, so the validity of the measures was insufficient. Second, a more sophisticated and advanced self-acceptance concept has appeared since the 1990s. Unconditional self-acceptance based on rational emotional behavior therapy has presented a relatively precise self-acceptance concept without general self-evaluation. However it remains a task to discover similarities and differences between self-acceptance and self-esteem and to distinguish them conceptually. Third, the third wave cognitive behavioral therapy presented the possibility for developmental expansion of the self-acceptance concept in the aspect of emphasizing decentralized self that observes oneself away from own experience and accepting all experiences simultaneously. Based on study results, we suggested the need for the development of a new self-acceptance measure based on precise self-acceptance definitions, the development and expansion of self-acceptance concepts, and sophisticated search for the relationship between self-acceptance and mental health, which is the basis for clinical intervention. Finally, we discussed the significance and limitations of this study.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자기수용 개념이 역사적으로 어떻게 발전해 왔는지 연구 동향을 파악하고 특징 및 한계점을 분석하여 추후 연구를 위한 방향과 과제를 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 지난 20세기에 걸쳐 이루어진 자기수용 개념 연구의 발전과정을 탐색하여 다양한 자기수용 개념과 대표적인 자기수용 척도들의 개념을 분석하였으며 그 한계점을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 1940년대 자기수용 개념은 인간주의 심리학이 추구하는 건강한 인간상을 설명하기 위해 등장하였다. 이후 인간주의 심리학의 영향을 받아 자기수용을 측정하는 다수의 척도들은 질적 연구를 통해 밝혀낸 정신적으로 건강한 사람의 특징들을 사용해 자기수용 개념을 조작적으로 정의하였는데, 연구에 따라 자각된 능력, 긍정적 자아개념, 인간관계 요인 등과 혼용되고, 상당히 포괄적으로 정의, 측정되어 척도의 타당성이 부족하다는 한계점을 보였다. 둘째, 1990년대 이후 더 정교하고 발전적인 자기수용 개념이 등장하였다. 합리적 정서행동 치료를 기반으로 한 무조건적 자기수용은 전반적 자기평가를 배제한 자기수용 개념을 비교적 명료하게 제시하였으나 자기수용과 자존감 간의 유사점과 차이점을 밝히고 개념적으로 명확하게 구분하는 일은 여전한 과제로 남는다. 셋째, 제 3흐름의 인지행동치료에서는 모든 경험을 수용하는 동시에 경험에서 분리되어 자신을 관찰하는 탈중심적인 자기를 발견할 것을 강조한다는 측면에서 자기수용 개념의 발전적 확장 가능성을 보여주었다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 자기수용의 명확한 개념 정의에 기반한 새로운 자기수용 척도개발, 자기수용 개념의 발전과 확장, 임상적 개입의 기초가 되는 자기수용과 정신건강의 관계에 대한 정교한 탐구의 필요성을 제안하였다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점을 논의하였다.

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