KCI등재
19세기 공동납과 마을자치 = Joint Tax Payment and Community Autonomy in 19th century
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2021
작성언어
Korean
주제어
등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
105-171(67쪽)
KCI 피인용횟수
0
DOI식별코드
제공처
소장기관
In the late 19th century, Mosan-dong jointly paid most of the prefecture tax, which is a poll tax. When the village collected goods from the villagers in preparation for various expenses, their economic ability was carefully considered. Just as the government struggled to realize equal taxation, villages also tried to keep villagers from being dissatisfied. As a result, the village was able to collect various goods from villagers without much difficulties. And a high level of community autonomy was realized in the late 19th century.
As the joint tax payment system was activated, the force pressing the village became much stronger than before. Before that, it only had to deal with Gunhyeon, middle level of administrative district, but now you have to deal with Myeonjung, small administrative district, in addition to that. Therefore, the joint tax payment system can be said to be a more sophisticated taxation system than the previous ‘individual tax payment’ system. Mosan-dong in the second half of the 19th century was always in tension due to unforeseen external pressures Not only regular taxes, but also lots of unknown miscellaneous charges were suddenly imposed. And various institutions, various officials, and influential people from far and near came from time to time to harass the village. Each time the village appeased them with money and sent them back. As such, when the village was being bullied from the outside, the government [the country] just stood by and did not come up with any solution.
Like this, the village was exhausted from enduring external harassment and had no strength to take a look inside. The high level of autonomy realized by the village in the 19th century was only to prepare for external demands. The village did not discuss anything related to production. There was no discussion about when and how much villagers would be put into rice planting or weeding work in a house that lacks manpower. The village considered that such problems were issues that the home and villagers, who lacked manpower, would take care of themselves. The village didn't think deeply about how villagers could get wealthy. The village only cared about collecting enough goods to cover the necessary expenses. To be precise, the village had no power to encourage villagers to increase production. This was because no one from the central government, Gunhyeon, or Myeonjung gave such power to the village. Village autonomy in the 19th century was different from the autonomy of a medieval manor or a Mura in the Edo period. In the 19th century, villages in Joseon only cared about distribution, but manor and Mura discussed distribution and production together.
The government also changed accounts so that the joint tax payment system can operate smoothly. The basic prefecture tax ledger related to joint tax payment was the family register. Various prefecture taxes were imposed based on the number of houses registered in the family register. Therefore, the government tried to make 'Ho(house)' registered in the family register homogeneous. It was recommended that all heads of family be called Yuhak, and a family register should be filled out with one slave in every house. In the joint tax payment system, as villagers were jointly responsible for payment, the government needed to make villagers homogeneous.
The government continued its ideological campaign to ensure that the joint tax payment system can be operated smoothly. Hyangyak, which appeared and disappeared quickly in the 16th and 17th centuries, spread like an active volcano in the mid to late 19th century. The spread of Hyangyak was directly related to the activation of joint tax payment. The four virtues of Hyangyak are: Good things encourage each other(德業相勸), Rebuke each other for wrongdoing(過失相規), We must be polite when socializing with each other(禮俗相交), Help each other in disasters and difficulties(患難相恤), and it means dividing equally. Thi...
분석정보
연월일 | 이력구분 | 이력상세 | 등재구분 |
---|---|---|---|
2027 | 평가예정 | 재인증평가 신청대상 (재인증) | |
2021-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (재인증) | KCI등재 |
2018-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2015-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2011-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2009-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2006-05-23 | 학회명변경 | 한글명 : 한국문화연구소 -> 규장각한국학연구원영문명 : Institute of Korean Studies -> Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies | KCI등재 |
2006-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 선정 (등재후보2차) | KCI등재 |
2005-01-01 | 평가 | 등재후보 1차 PASS (등재후보1차) | KCI후보 |
2004-01-01 | 평가 | 등재후보학술지 유지 (등재후보1차) | KCI후보 |
2003-01-01 | 평가 | 등재후보학술지 선정 (신규평가) | KCI후보 |
기준연도 | WOS-KCI 통합IF(2년) | KCIF(2년) | KCIF(3년) |
---|---|---|---|
2016 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.82 |
KCIF(4년) | KCIF(5년) | 중심성지수(3년) | 즉시성지수 |
0.85 | 0.85 | 2.07 | 0.37 |
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