공무원의 횡령과 절도범죄의 비교연구 = Comparison study on embezzlement and larceny crime of public servant

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is verifying factors which influence embezzlement crime representative types of white-collar crime and larceny crime representative types of common crime, and cross-compare based on this verification. In order to achieve this goal, this study included the following variables : ‘embezzlement and larceny crime’ as the dependent variable, ‘self-control’ presented in the Theory of self-control and ‘need-control’presented in the Theory of need-control. The subject of this study is limited to public servants at central and local government offices and workers at public institution applied to embezzlement crime. Especially, when investigate public servant on the criminal survey, because there is a concern that responses could be weighted to bias tendency, the questionnaires included several specific scenarios based on precedent study. As a result, it appeared that public servant had higher tendency when they had low self-control, when they are single, when they are low-age bracket, when they had low need-control, when they are belonging to low-income bracket, and it appeared that they had higher tendency when they had low self-control. These results are proved that self-control is the most powerful variable, and it corresponded with the earlier study results which proved that attributes of white-collar crime and common crime are not severely different.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구의 목적은 화이트칼라범죄의 대표적인 유형인 횡령범죄와, 일반범죄의 대표적인 유형인 절도범죄에 미치는 영향요인을 검증한 후, 이를 토대로 상호 비교하는 것이다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해, 종속변수는 횡령 및 절도범죄로 설정하였으며, 독립변수는 자기통제이론에서 제시한 자기통제력과 통제욕구이론에서 제시한 통제욕구로 설정하였다. 연구대상은 화이트칼라계층에 해당하는 공무원으로 한정하였으며, 감사연구원의 협조를 바탕으로 구조화된 설문지로 자료를 수집하였다. 특히, 공무원에게 범죄관련 설문조사를 실시할 때, 범죄를 저지르지 않는다는 당위론적인 응답이 편중되게 나올 우려가 있어, 선행연구에서 제시된 특정 상황에 대한 시나리오를 바탕으로 응답하도록 하였다. 분석결과, 횡령범죄에서는 자기통제력이 낮을수록, 기혼보다는 미혼일수록, 연령이 낮을수록, 통제욕구가 낮을수록, 소득수준이 낮을수록, 횡령범죄를 보다 많이 저지르고 있었으며, 절도범죄에서는 자기통제력이 낮을수록 절도범죄를 보다 많이 저지르고 있는 것으로 제시되었다. 이는 횡령 및 절도범죄에서 자기통제력이 가장 강력한 영향변수로 나타났으며, 화이트칼라범죄도 일반범죄와 성격이 크게 다르지 않다는 기존의 연구결과와 일치하였다.

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