미군점령지 하의 송석하: 문화주권을 제창하다 = Sohng Suk-ha under US Military Occupation on South Korea: Advocacy for Cultural Sovereignty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Exactly 90 years ago in April, Sohng Suk-ha(SSH) moved around Seoul to establish the Korean Folklore Society(KFS). We have still several questions about the organization with him even though there have occasionally been several articles and books to review this academic organization as well as SSH. This is a reasonable time to talk about SSH as a scholar trying to be an anthropologist under USAMGIK after the liberation from Japanese imperialism because this effort to establish academism of Korean folklore during Japanese occupation started with the KFS at 1932. Most of the previous studies about SSH focused solely on his effort and accomplishment during the Japanese General-Government times while SSH under US military government times between 1945 and 1948 have almost been negligent so far.
This paper tries to aim at SSH’s contribution to academism and review his activities during the era under US military occupation and then finally uncover his main effort as the chairman of Chindan Society, the president of Corean Alpine Club, the general director of the National Museum of Anthropology, (professor) of Anthropology department in Seoul University, the chairman for Drama Alliance with some other contribution as the following chart showing.
<Sohng Suk-ha’s activities under US Military Occupation>(1945-1948) KFS Chindan Society CAC Museum of Anthropology Seoul University Drama Alliance 45.8.16 (representative) Chairman 45.9.15 President 45.10. Museum Chief 45.11.8 General Director 45.12.20 Chairman 46.2.-3. Expedition Leader 46.4. Museum Opening Lecturing Anthropology Lecturing Folklore 46.7. Expedition Leader 47.8-9. Expedition Leader KFS stands for Korean Folklore Society since 1932 under Japanese Colonialism, CAC does for Corean Alpine Club.
We could learn various activities done by SSH and finally spot one important issue related with the KFS that he founded in 1932 and himself was the representative of the organization. KFS was almost secluded during the time and SSH had not done much for KFS either. I would like to introduce an astonishing meeting between Osgood(a professor of anthropology at Yale University) and SSH in 1947 while Osgood landed on Korea in order to conduct an ethnographic fieldwork at Kanghwa island. Osgood visited SSH for looking at ethnological specimens at National Museum of Anthropology(June 23) and Seoul University Museum(June 24) in 1947. SSH was the director of the national museum and he was officially not a part of the university at that time. He was in charge of the university museum before August of 1946. There might obscurely be some confusion about his position at the university.
SSH was obviously a folklorist as a fact as everybody known before liberation. Then under the US military occupation his activities had rather much linked with anthropology as a matter of fact. I would like to make two conclusions as the following. SSH converted his interest from folklore to anthropology and furthermore dealt with folklore as a part of anthropology like American style of doing anthropology as Franz Boas shown. Another one comes from his own experience of whole of his life through Japanese colonialism plus American militarism. He could learn political sovereignty for the most important theme and put together the culture concept from anthropology with political sovereignty. The word of “cultural sovereignty” was in fact advocated by SSH at the last moment of his life with the year of 1948.

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