잠재성장모형을 활용한 중학생의 신체활동, 수면의 질, 우울의 종단적 관계 연구 = A Study on the Longitudinal Relationship Analysis among Physical activity, Sleep Quality, Depression in Middle School Students using Latent growth modeling

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to explore the changes over time in physical activity, sleep quality, and depression among middle school students, and to examine the longitudinal mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between physical activity and depression. By doing so, this study aims to provide an opportunity to understand and predict depression in middle school students, and to offer foundational data for the development of appropriate educational interventions at different stages. To achieve this, a multivariate latent growth model analysis was conducted using the longitudinal panel data from the first (1st year of middle schoo), second (2nd year of middle school), and third years (3rd year of middle school) of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 (KCYPS 2018) conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. The results of the study revealed that all three variables—physical activity, sleep quality, and depression—significantly decreased over time. Additionally, the initial value of physical activity were found to have a significant positive effect on the initial value of sleep quality and a significant negative effect on the initial levels of depression. Moreover, the initial value of sleep quality were found to have a significant negative effect on the initial levels of depression. The longitudinal mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between physical activity and depression among middle school students was confirmed, with sleep quality showing a significant mediating effect. In conclusion, this study longitudinally analyzed how physical activity and sleep quality affect depressive symptoms in middle school students, confirming that these three variables interact significantly over time. This suggests that promoting physical activity and maintaining adequate sleep are essential for enhancing the mental health of middle school students, thereby contributing to the prevention and improvement of depression in this age group. Future research is needed to explore longitudinal changes in these variables among elementary, middle, and high school students, investigate factors related to sleep quality, develop strategies to improve sleep quality, and examine how various mental health issues interact with different variables.