베트남 메콩 델타의 쌀 생산: 잠재력 및 현황 분석 = Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: Potentialities and Situation Analysis

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Vietnam is one of the largest rice exporters in the world rice market with such a long history in rice production. In Vietnam, the Mekong Delta (MD) is considered as “rice bowl” not only of the country but also of the Asian region. The delta counts for more than 50% total rice production and 90% of rice export in the volume of the country (2015). The delta has its own advantageous natural and economic-social features for rice production such as high soil fertility, tropical climate with high temperature, copious rainfall and experienced labor force in rice production, etc. Thanks to these favorable conditions, rice production is a significant sector in the economy of the delta and continuously increasing in rice planted area, yield and output. However, at present, rice production in the MD has been confronted with many problems such as the decrease of rice cultivated area due to climate change, soil erosion, rapidly increasing input costs, lack of infrastructure and technology, high loss rate in harvest and post-harvesting time, low rice quality and fluctuated price, etc. This paper focuses on analyzing potentialities and recent status of rice production in the MD in order to identify and minimize constraints for sustainable development rice production in the near future. This research finds out that despite rice production is an important economic sector of the MD, the present status of rice production is still not corresponding to its great potentialities, then it needs to be improved as sustainable trends.