《앵디아드 혹은 그들의 꿈들의 인도》(Indiade ou l`Inde de leurs reves)의 극작술 연구(1) = A study on the playwriting of L`Indiade ou l`Inde de leurs reves

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

He`le`n Cixous is one of the representative writers in the french literature and french drama with her steadfast feminist perspective and feministic writing. Since 1980, Cixous has been interested in the contemporary historical events and tried to re-write the history which had been arranged and written by rationalism and the male-domination view. She intended to reveal the parts which was hided by historical margin. L`Indiade ou l`Inde de leurs reves was written for that purpose. L`Indiade was written about historical events between 1937 and 1947 in India such as independence of Hindu India and the separation of muslim Pakistan. During those days massive hysteria, massacre, mutual hatred, and rebellion among several religious sectors happened in India. The dramatic personae composes with 49 persons who are historical figures, fictitious common people and the lower class. The lines of the dialogues are composed with daily speaking languages, verses, songs and so on. So those internal poetic sentiment becomes to be added to prosaic historical events. Considerable part of the dialogues in this play is alloted for the lower class people and the common people who are usually regarded as the unimportant people. L`Indiade has two characteristics in this playwriting, that is, double meta-language such as preface and narrator, and double intertextual writing. Cixous makes Haridasi(a narrator on the stage) interpret the historical fact in India, in order to re-read the folding part of the history and undescriptive part of the history with different viewpoint from historical critics. In case of intertextual writing, Cixous takes two stories-<judgement by Solomon> and <the story of Abraham and his two sons>- from Old Testament as a hypotext and the drama of L`Indiade as a hypertext. The story of L`Indiade is recomposition of historical events, so the method of intertextual writing between dramatic text and historical text can be existed. Cixous is making meanings with repetition and difference between texts, through that differences we can grasp the feministic world view of Cixous. That differences and following. Father Abraham is changed into mother India. In Judgement by Solomon, the mother of the baby is replaced by Gandhi. The Solomon gives the baby back to the baby`s mother, instead of killing the baby. But in this drama the english viceroy agrees that India is divided in two and Gandhi is assassinated after all. Through dramatic structure mentioned above, we can summarize Cixous` intention in his work L`Indiade, as following. First. Radical racism, ideology, heroism are easily changing into massive madness, and which makes human society desolate. By showing those things in detail with writing about killing each other in India, Cixous leads the audience to think deeply about the war happened not only in India but also in many places in the world. Second. The characteristics of the western culture built on the private dichotomy based on opposite sex is being suggested into a male centralism, awareness of separation, violence, and conquest. On the other hand, the characteristics of the Asian culture derives from motherly love, awareness of integration, reconciliation, co-existence. Cixous lays stress on the superiority of the Asian value rather than the western value. Helene Cixous thinks the awareness of separation may make the history of destruction and death, while the awareness of love may make the history of creation and life. Third. She expresses the concept of co-existence is that different sex, different religion, different culture are co-existing harmoniously under the roof of a world, accepting the differences of each other. She seems to be trying to say that co-existence is the great power which brightens the future like a `light`, although co-existence is difficult virtue to be realized in this political society of human beings. In that sense, we can consider the philosophy of co-existence to be a massage of Cixou