Go Tell It on the Mountain에 나타난 John Grimes의 Identity 探求 : Go Tell It on the Mountain = John Grimes' Searching for Identity in James Baldwin's
저자
李玉蘭 (부산여자대학 영어영문학과)
발행기관
학술지명
동아영어영문학(The English Language and Literature Dong-A University)
권호사항
발행연도
1990
작성언어
Korean
KDC
840.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
175-205(31쪽)
제공처
소장기관
Go Tell It on the Mountain is generally understood as one of James Baldwin's best novels as well as a major contribution to American fiction. The novel is divided into three parts. Part Ⅰ, "The Seventh Day", Part Ⅱ, "The Prayers of the Saints" and part Ⅲ, "The Threshing Floor" The novel deal with the Negro not as a social problem or as an oppressed minority, but concentes almost exclusively on one aspect of him and his way of life-the religious. The particular kind of religion which is grows out of his traditional situation in America and especially of his experirce of slavery.
Baldwin renders the service with great skill which begins on Saturday eveninH and continues into the small hours. Through the Grimeses' prayers we learn the past lives of Gabiel, his wife, Elizabeth, his sister, Florence, and his step-son, John in a series of flashbacks : a whole intricate dramatic pattern of sin and guilt and repentance underlying their lives is revealed. And the novel ends with John's experience of conversion.
The central event of this this novel is the religiour conversion of fourteen-year- old John but the truly major figure of interest is John's father, Gabriel- and it is Gabriel, chiefly around whom all the othe rcharacters' difficulties are centered. The writer endeavors here not only to interconnect the lives and psychology of all the characters but also to related these to the Southern Negro experience and the consequent shocks of urban slum living.
As Gabriel's story is told through his memory, it is clear that "Father" and "Son" refer not only to God and Jesus Christ, but to the sons Gabriel fathers and rejects, adopts and hates, fathers and finds disappointing. In John, the innocent victim of Gabrie'l hatred, we have an, archetypal image of the Negro child. Baldwin sees the negro quite literally as the bastard child of American civilization. Obliquely, by means of an extended metaphor, Baldwin approaches the very essence of Negro experience.
That essence is rejection, and its most destructitre consequence is shame. The flight from Negro self, the quest for identity, and the sophisticated acceptance of one's "blackness" is the theme that flow this emotion. That is, the wirter presents the Negro's inmost conflicts, his distress and his guilts from the past to the present and make attempt to discorer the meaning of Negro's subsistence and the possibilily of achieving Negor's identity as human being.
In Part Ⅲ, "The Threshing Floor", as lohn lies before the altar, a series of visionary states passes through his soul. Images of darkness ane chaos, silence and emptiness, mist and cold. These images of damnation exprress the state of the soul when thrust into outer darkness by a rejecting, punishing, castrating father figure who is the surrogate of a hostile society. At the depth of John's despair, a sound emerges to assuage his pain. He had heard it all his life, but it was onlynow that his ears were opened to this sound that come from the darkness, that yet bore such witness to the glory of the light. And now in his moaning, he heard it in himself. It rose from his bledding, his cracked-open heart. It was a sound of rage and weeping from time set free, but bound noir in eternity.
John's fear and guilt, and desire and despir and hatred have all been converted into a kind of meaningful delirium as he lies thrashing about the floor. On these harsh darkness and must forever share their pain. To the question, Who am I?, he can now reply : I am he who suffers and yet whose suffering on occasion is "from time set free". And thereby he discovers his humanity. We are very close to that plane of human experience where art and religion intersect. What Baldwin wants us to feel is the emotional pressure exerted on the Negro's cultural forms by his exposurc to white oppression. And finally to comprehend that these forms alone, through their power of transforming suffering, have enabled him to survive his tragic conditions of existence.
Moreover, John's struggle on the threshing floor is described in terms of birth imagery, and the accomplished delivery set him free from the womb of childllood. That is, Baldwin anticipates in new -born John who seems to be a true Negro image of the new type in the futture, and also aspires to be an American society which the whites and the black can co-exist whithout the racial prejudice.
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