마늘의 生育에 있어 生理 및 形態에 關한 基礎的 硏究 = Studies on morphology and physiology of garlic plant
저자
千景福 (光州敎育大學)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1980
작성언어
Korean
KDC
041
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
35-67(33쪽)
제공처
소장기관
Histological observations on the formation and differentiation of cloves, thikening of storage leaves, and differentiation of foliage leaves, together with examinations of morphological changes of the plants and bulbs during bulb swelling were carried out in order to investigate the bulb swelling processes in garlic plants.
Plants growth and development could be classified into several stages distinguished by the characteristics shown during development; and contents and absorption process of nutrients, by plant parts and growth stage, were analysed.
Bulb swelling process was also examined on the basis of nutrition physiology by measuring the conents of chlorophyll, reducing sugar and nutrient absorbed in each leaf during bulb swelling stage.
The results obtained are as follow:
1. The two protrusions, one at the axil of terminal leaf and the other at the axil of the next to terminal leaf., were found to be clove primordia, as the cloves were differentiated from them;
2. Two clove primordia, one at the axil of 10th leaf which is the final and the other at the axil of 9th leaf, formed arounded April 5 to April 15;
3. Each clove primordium began to differentiate into 3 to 4 cloves from around April 15, and the cloves completed to differentiate their leaves up to 3rd foliage leaf in 25 days;
4. Bulbs started to thicken from the early part of May due to the increase of both cell layers and cell size, but the thickening after May 10 occurred only by the increase of cell layers which could be considered as bulb swell ing in real sense;
5. The foliage leaves of a garlic plant were 10, which were differentiated during clove development up to 3rd, at dormant stage up to 7th, and during the early part of growing season up to 10th. The plant growth was markedly retarded during each stage of leaf differentiation:
6. The elongation of plant height became slow and the thickening of the stem acceleratel while the bulb swelling. Therefore, the ratio of coleoptile stem diameter to plant height could be effectively used in judging the beginning of bulb swelling. The bulb began to swell when the ratio exceeded 0.05;
7. Life cycle of a garlic plant could be divided into sprouting, growth, cessation, regrowth, bulb swelling, and dormant stage which were distinguished by formation and differentiation of each organ together with the characteristics shown during the plant development;
8. The contents of a nutrient in the plant was closely related with its role. That is, the contents of nitrogen and phosphrous were high in the plant parts and stages of vigorous growth, while those of potassium, magnesium. iron, calsium, and sodium were high in the sites and stages of organogenesis;
9. Upon bulb swelling, the cotents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium decreased rapidly in the foliage leaves and increased substantiely in the bulb. Sulphatl contents of the bulb also increased.
10. Chlorophyll contents were higher in older leaves than in younger ones at the begining of bulb swelling, but higher in younger leaves during the later part of it. The contents of reducing sugar in all the foliage leaves decreased gradually as the bulb swelling advanced. therefore, almost all the sugar formed in the leaves was considered to translocate to the bulb;
11. Upon bulb swelling, the relative length of sheath to blade became shorter. and the swelling was found to take place as the result of increase of cell layers in storage leaves of the cloves and accumulation of nutrients to the bulbs. Therefore, if the physiological mechanisms triggering those morphological and physiological changes are manifested, there may be a possibility of developing new cropping systems other than fall planting.
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