김지하의 율려사상 : 문학비평이론으로의 가능성 탐색 = Literary Comments on Chi-ha Kim's Ideas

국문 초록 (Abstract)

우리 시대의 거인 김지하 선생의 사상들을 세 단계(정치운동과 민중담론의 시기, 사회운동과 생명담론의 시기, 문화운동과 율려담론의 시기)로 나누어, 각 단계의 특징과 내용을 알아보고, 다음 단계로 나아가지 않을 수 없었던 당위성에 대해 살펴본다. 그의 거대 담론인 율려사상이 우리 고유의 생태비평이론으로서 적용가능한가를 탐색한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Chi-ha Kim is a giant in three ways; a great man of letters, an energetic activist, and a sophisticated philosopher. He is acknowledged as one of the best poets in Korea, has tried constantly to liberate people from their suffering and oppression through political and social movements, and is ceaselessly making endeavors to construct a huge cultural discourse which can explain the relationship between man and man, man and things, and man and the universe.
This paper divides the development of his ideas into three phases chronologically: the phase of political resistance and popular discourse; the phase of social movements and life discourse: and the phase of cultural movements and 'youlyo' discourse. His political activities and poems encouraged many students and intellectuals to fight against the military government, and in consequence brought him irlternationally authoritative prizes .
But he came to think that binary oppositions such as oppressor/oppressed, gevernor/governed are not appropriate to depict the world and that both of them are containers of life alike. He extends his ideas to thinking that all of the things on earth including men, plants, animals and even inanimate things such as stone, wind, air have lives. Now he cherishes people not as the oppressed but as containers of life. And he cherishes nature as a home for containers of life. In this phase he organizes several social movements like environmertal movements, movements for protection of nature, movements for local autonomy etc.
But again he came to the conclusion that this kind of movements would be futile if they could not change the mentality of people. So he began to search for alternative ideas and constructed so-called 'Youlyo' discourse. This gave rise to a concept 'New Man', that is, a man who realizes that he has a universe inside and should live in harmony and communicate with all of the things on earth.
Ecocriticism pays attention to author's attitude toward nature above all, and thinks highly of the author who admits nature's intrinsic value. Chi-has ideas not only correspond to this evaluation standard, but also stress that a man has a universe inside. His ideas are logical and original enough, but have weaknesses and defects as well. If we make our best incessantly to improve them, use them as an ecocritical tool and let the world know them, I dare say that they will be a world-widely acknowledged literary theory some day.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 들어가면서
• Ⅱ. 정치운동과 민중담론의 시기
• Ⅲ. 사회운동과 생명담론의 시기
• Ⅳ. 문화운동과 율려담론의 시기
• Ⅴ. 나가면서