혁신저항의 다차원적 개념 모형과 검증 = Multi - dimensional Conceptual Model and Test for Resistance to Innovation

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기업혁신의 성공은 구성원들의 변화에 대한 저항을 관리하는 능력에 달려 있다. 비록 정도 차이가 있긴 하지만 적극적, 소극적, 무관심 및 수용이라는 변화에 대한 다양한 저항 행동 개념을 보다 구체적으로 파악할 필요가 있다. 지금까지 저항을 비용/효익, 점진적/전략적, 기대적/반응적 관점에서 분석하여 관리하는 방법 이외, 상황적합적 대응방법 등 다양한 관점에서 제시되고 있지만, 혁신저항이라는 복잡한 개념을 다차원적으로 접근하여 파악하고자 한 시도는 부족하다.
본 연구는 혁신에 대한 개인의 저항을 다차원적 개념 즉, 인지와 수용 및 행동이라는 태도의 요소 차원에서 재구분하여 개념화를 시도하였다. 따라서 혁신에 대한 구성원들의 인지와 수용 및 저항행동간 관계를 연구과제로 설정하고, 특히 혁신의 수용성은 변화에 대한 인지도와 저항행동간 관계를 매개한다는 연구모형을 이론적 연구결과로 제시하였다. 연구모형을 검증하고자 최근에 혁신을 경험한 K 공기업 구성원들을 대상으로 혁신 인지도와 수용도 및 저항행동 수준을 측정하고 분석한 실증연구를 병행하였다.
분석결과, 개인의 저항행동은 혁신수용도에 따라 줄어들고, 혁신인지도는 혁신수용도에 긍정적 영향을 미치며, 여기서 혁신수용도는 혁신인지도와 저항행동간 관계에서 완전 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 개인의 저항행동을 줄이기 위해서는 혁신에 대한 정서적 수용도를 높이는 것이 우선적으로 선행되어야 하며, 수용도를 높이기 위해서는 혁신의 필요성과 내용을 정확히 인식토록 하는 것이 필요하다. 비록 혁신인지도를 높이는 것이 혁신수용도를 높이는 방안은 될 수 있지만 직접적으로 저항행동을 줄이지는 못한다는 점에 유의해야 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study tried to conceptualize the individual resistance to change in accordance of the psychological attitude theory with three components such as cognitive, affective, and conative ones. We make it our research theme to identify the relationships among the cognition, acceptance and resistance of organization members. Especially, we suggest that the acceptance of innovation intervenes the cognition and resistance behavior. Some data from the K public corporation which had experienced the innovation lately had been collected and analyzed to test our research model.
The results show that the individual resistance to innovation maybe understood in separate multi-dimensional concept and the causal relationships among the variables are identified. Individual resistance to innovation is reduced according to the level of innovation acceptance and the cognition of innovation have positive influence on the innovation acceptance. The results shows that the innovation acceptance have complete intermediating influence between the cognition and resistance of innovation. Therefore, to reduce the resistance of innovation, it is strongly recommended that the individual affective acceptance must be enhanced and make it clear and be understood the necessity of innovation to increase the level of affective acceptance of it. It should be noted that the increase of cognition of innovation may enhance the level of affective acceptance, but could not reduce the resistance to innovation in direct manner.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <요약>
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경과 가설설정
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• Ⅳ. 분석결과
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 "직무특성과 종업원 태도 사이의 관계에 대한 직무몰입의 매개역할" 5 (5): 87-122, 1997
• 2 "조직혁신에 대한 구성원의 방어적 행동" 15 (15): 177-206, 2000
• 3 "조직공정성, 혁신저항 및 방어적 행동의 관계" 25 (25): 425-451, 2001
• 4 "Why Change Programs Don't Produce Change" november-december : 158-166, 1990
• 5 "Unfairness and Resistance to Change: Hardship as Mistreatment" 35-50, 1999
• 6 "Understanding the Nature and Use of Defense Mechanisms in Organizational Life" 5 (5): 1-4, 1990
• 7 "Understand Employees' Resistance to Change" june : 17-, 1994
• 8 "Thought Self-leadership: A Self-regulatory Approach towards Overcoming Resistance to Organizational Change" 4 (4): 202-216, 1996
• 9 "The Structure of Work Handbook of Industrial and Organizationl Psychology" Consulting Psychologists Press. 1991
• 10 "The Power of Resistance The Power of Resistance: Sustaining Valued Identities" 89-120, 1998
• 11 "The Moderator-mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" 1173-1182, 1986
• 12 "The Mindlessness of Organizational Behavior" 41 : 305-329, 1988
• 13 "The Constitution of Society" University of California Press. 1984
• 14 "The Charismatic Leader" Jossey-Bass. 1989
• 15 "The Assumptions of Ordinariness as a Denial Mechanism:Innovation and Conflict in a Coal Mine" 28 (28): 253-264, 1989
• 16 "Technological and Organizational Innovation: A Dilemma of Fundamental Change and Participation" 5 (5): 351-375, 1996
• 17 "Tasks in Changing the Organization from within Administration in Social Work" 29-44, 1978
• 18 "Structural Inertia and Organizational Change" 29 : 149-164, 1983
• 19 "Strategies for Planned Change" Toronto. 1977
• 20 "Sociotechnics of Opening Organizational Structures Journal of Sociology" 1-35, 1989
• 21 "Service Work and the Routinization of Everyday Life University of California Press." 1993
• 22 "Scaling the Wall of Resistance"" 15-22, 1995
• 23 "Rethinking Resistance and Recognizing Ambivalence: A Multidimensional View of Attitudes toward an Organizational Change" 25 (25): 783-794, 2000
• 24 "Resistance:A Constructive Tool for Change Management" 36 (36): 543-548, 1998
• 25 "Resistance to Organizational Change: the Role of Defence Mechanisms" 16 (16): 534-548, 2001a
• 26 "Resistance to Organizational Change: the Role of Cognitive and Affective Processes" 22 (22): 372-382, 2001b
• 27 "Resistance to Change:The Influence of Social Networks on the Conversion of a Privately-Owned Unionized Business to a Worker Cooperative" 15 : 259-282, 1994
• 28 "Resistance and the Success of Implementation Approaches" 35 (35): 213-240, 1998
• 29 "Reconceptualizing Organizational Routines as a Source of Flexibility and Change" 48 (48): 94-118, 2003
• 30 "Psychoanalysis of Organizations" Tavistock Publication Ltd. 1978
• 31 "Physician Resistance to Innovations:The Case of Contract Medicine" 26 (26): 109-131, 1993
• 32 "Overcoming Resistance to Change in Your Organization" 1998
• 33 "Organizing for Innovation" 424-439, 1997
• 34 "Organizations" Wiley; New York. 1958
• 35 "Organizational Routines are Stored as Procedural Memory:Evidence from a Laboratory Study" 5 : 554-568, 1994
• 36 "Organizational Learning" Addison-Wesley. 1978
• 37 "Organizational Behavior" Prentice Hall. 1998
• 38 "Narratives of Organizational Identity and Identification: A Case Study of Hegemony and Resistance" 23 (23): 421-447, 2002
• 39 "Managing Change in the Workplace" Irwin. 1994
• 40 "Learned Behavior:The Key to Understanding and Preventing Employee Resistance to Change" 3 (3): 211-223, 1978
• 41 "Innovation, Identities and Resistance: The Social Construction of an Innovation Network" 39 (39): 497-521, 2002
• 42 "How They Prevent Progress and What Managers Can Do about Them" Prentice-Hall 1981
• 43 "Empirical Validation of Affect and Cognition as Distinct Components of Attitude Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" 1191-1205, 1984
• 44 "Emotional Capability, Emotional Intelligence, and Radical Change" 24 (24): 325-345, 1999
• 45 "Determinants of the Institutionalization of Planned Organizational Change" 14 (14): 33-50, 1989
• 46 "Deep Change:Discovering the Leader Within" San Francisco. jossey bass : 1996
• 47 "Creating Readiness for Organizational Change" 46 : 681-703, 1993
• 48 "Comment on Challenging Resistance to Change" 35 (35): 42-44, 1999
• 49 "Challenging Resistance to Change" 35 (35): 25-41, 1999
• 50 "A New Guide to Rational Living" Wilshire Book Company 1975