Surface Activities of Ginseng Saponins and Their Interactions with Biomolecules: (IV) The Effect on the Mitochondrial Electron Transport = 인삼 사포닌의 계면 활성 및 생체 분자와의 작용: (IV) 미토콘드리아의 전자전달에 미치는 영향

국문 초록 (Abstract)

소 심장 미토콘드리아에 의한 NADH 산화에 여러 약용식물 (인삼, 도라지, 더덕)의 사포닌 및 전형적인 계면 활성제 (sodium dodecyl sulfate, deoxycholate, Triton X-100)들이 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 인삼사포닌, 도라지사포닌, 더덕사포닌 및 여러 계면 활성제들이 $10^{-5}-10^{-5}M$ 농도에서는 미토콘드리아의 NADH 산화를 촉진시킨 반면 $10^{-4}M$에서는 이를 저해하였다. 호흡활성을 저해하는 사포닌 및 계면 활성제들의 농도로 미토콘드리아를 전처리 한 후 cytochrome c를 가했을때는 다시 NADH 산화속도가 증가되었다. Cytochrome oxidase의 활성에 있어서도 위의 사포닌들과 계면 활성제들의 영향을 받았으나 미토콘드리아의 경우와는 다른 경향을 보여주었다. 사포닌 및 전형적인 계면 활성제에 의한 전자전달계의 활성이 촉진되는 것은 미토콘드리아 내 외막간에 존재하는 cytochrome c의 유동성의 증가로, 활성이 저해되는 것은 막간 cytochrome c의 유실로 추측할 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 cytochrome c의 유동성 증가 및 제거는 인상을 포함한 여러 식물 사포닌들의 계면 활성적 작용에 기인함을 알았다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The bovine heart mitochondria were separated by centrifugation and the saponins of the herbs ginseng, bellflower, and Codonopsis lanceolate were fractionated by a solvent partition. NADH oxidations were assayed in terms of 340 nm absorption decrease when the electron transport system contained the saponins. In this assay some typical surfactants dodecyl sulfate, deoxycholate, and Triton X-100 were also used for comparison. In general, the electron transport from NADH to $O_2$ was improved when $10^{-7}-10^{-5}M$ saponins or surfactants were added to the reaction systems. However. gradual decrease in the mitochondrial activity was observed as the concentration of the saponins as well as the typical surfactants was increased up to $10^{-4}M$ for example. In the cases of the pretreatment of the mitochondria with the saponins or surfactants, the oxidation rates were decreased. Increase in concentrations of exogenous cytochrome c contributed proportionally to the rate increase. The activity of a purified cytochrome oxidase was considered to be somewhat affected by the saponins or the surfactants. It is considered that the activation of the electron transport by the saponins may be caused by an increase in mobility or fluidity of the cytochrome. while the deactivation of the transport may be by an elimination of the cytochrome. Added NADH. cytochrome, and the saponins/typical surfactants may contact with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. These mobility increase and elimination of the cytochrome may largely be attributed to the surface activity of the saponins from the plants including the ginseng.