農村型 給食 示範學校의 給食實態 및 兒童의 嗜好度에 關한 硏究 = Studies on the Present Situation and Problems of School Lunch Program and Children's Food Patterns

국문 초록 (Abstract)

學校給食의 進一步를 위해 現行 給食示範學校 兒童과 學母를 대상으로, 兒童에게서는 兒童의 아침食事 실태, 現行 給食方法에 對한 兒童들의 反應, 아동의 嗜好度 등, 學母에게서는 어머니의 一般的 特城, 食事準備와 유관한 變因들의 運用實態, 그리고, 學母가 본 兒童의 偏食實態 등의 調査에서 얻은 結果를 요약하면 다음과 같다.
1. 兒童에 對한 調査
(1) 給食兒童들의 아침食事 實態
아침食事를 規則的으로 하고 있는 兒童은 76.0% 였으며, 나머지 兒童들은 不規則的인 食事를 하고 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 缺食兒童들의 缺食동기는 '입맛이 없어서'(55.4%) '아침밥이 늦어서'(24.8%) '늦게 일어나서'(19.8%) 등인 것으로 나타났다.
(2) 現行 給食方法에 對한 兒童들의 反應
現行 給食制度에 대한 兒童들의 好應度는 84.4%로 높은 편이었다. 호응 이유로는 營養士가 마련해 주는 食單에 對한 신뢰가 46.7%로 가장 큰 지지를 얻고 있었다. 또한, 給食 구성요소 즉, 시간과 食單, 음식에 對한 반응도 상당히 긍정적 이었다.
(3) 兒童의 嗜好度
調査對象 兒童들은 한국 재래의 傳統음식에 對한 선호도가 강한 것으로 나타났는데, 主食 가운데서 밥류로는 콩밥, 분식류 로는 식빵이, 副食 가운데서는 쇠고기국, 김치찌게, 달걀부침, 불고기, 콩나물, 배추김치가, 間食으로는 딸기, 초콜릿, 쥬스 등이 가장 선호받는 음식으로 나타났다.
2. 學母에 對한 調査
(1) 學母의 一般的 特性
어머니의 年齡은 주로 30代(75.8%)였으며 敎育水準은 비교적 낮은 편으로 고졸이하가 95.0%였으며, '중'정도(81.6%)의 生活水準을 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.
(2) 食事準備와 유관한 變因들의 運用實態
많은 수의 學母들이 아침食事의 비중을 가장 크게 생각하고 있었으며(59.3%) 食事準備時에 영양상태를 고려하는 學母와 食單을 활용하는 學母는 각각 35.0%와 32%였다. 그리고, 季節食品 및 인스탄트 食品의 이용율은 95.7%와 79.5%로 인스탄트 食品 보다는 季節食品에 對한 의존도가 더 높게 나타났다.
(3) 學母가 본 兒童의 偏食習慣
偏食習慣이 있는 兒童의 수는 전체의 55.5%로 나타났으며, 學校給食 後 兒童의 偏食習慣이 改善된 경우는 69.5%에 이르는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The following results have been obtained from an investigation conducted for the be-terment of meal service in a school among children from a school noted for its meal service and their monthers. The investigataion included a study of the actual conditions of the children's breakfast, the children's reaction to the method of present meal service, a determination of children's favoritism in food, general characteristics of the monthers, the actual condition of managing the factors related to meal preparation and children's unbalanced diet from the view point of monthers.
The percentage of children who took breakfast regularly was 76.0% while the rest took breakfast irregularly. The reason for children going to school without eating properly was poor appetite(55.4%), followed by late breakfast(24.8%) and late rising(19.8%).
Children's attitude towards the method of the present school meal service indicated a very high degree of approval(84.4%). Most of the children gave strong support and had confidence in the meal service of the school because a dietician prepared their meal. Also the children's attitude towards the time and the variety of food was very affirmative.
Most of the children had a highpreference for traditional Korean food and their main diet was rice followed by rice combined with beans, flour diet and bread. Their favorite side dish was beaf soup, followed by Korean vegetable(Kimchi) soup, fried eggs, broiled beaf(Bulgogi), bean sprouts and cabbage vegetable. Favorite snacks between meals were strawberries, chocolate, juices, etc.
The ages of the mothers who were investigated were between 30 to 40 (75.8%) and the educational level was comparatively low, with middle school and primary school graduates(95.0%). Their standard of living indicated that most of them belonged to the middle socio-economic class(81.6%).
Most of the monthers(59.3%) were primarily concerned about breakfast, followed by those were concerned about the nutrative value of the meal preparation(35.0%), and those who were concerned about the meal planning(32%). The percentage of those favoring seasonal foods was 95.7% while those favoring instant foods was 79.5%.
Of all the children 55.5% had unbalanced dietary habits and 69.5% of them improved in their dietary habits after learning from the meal service of the school.