Wuthering Heights와 에로스적 人間觀 = Wuthering Heights and the Vision of Eros

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Contrary to the widely accepted arguments that Heathcliff is simply a daemonic figure or a psychologically perverted saddist, he can be judged according to the ideal union with Catherine, with which he confronted the chaos within the repressive civilized world, and according to the real personal communication with which he was able to express his Eros as his essence of being, within the disintegration of the established reality principle. If seen in a paychoanalytical context, or a sociological context, his violence, a reaction to the loss of an earlier state of happiness with Catherine, is wishful assertion, comparable to psychological accomplishment-"accomplishment" being a state that gives the illusion of Eros in which conflicts are resolved, and at the same time that negates the death instinct, Thanatos, of civilization which causes their separation. He reaches absolute communion with Catherine, not through obedient acceptance of isolation, but through his frantic attempt to reach Catherine's soul after her death, transcental moments of apparent attunement with the Universe. That kind of bond, that sense of absolute existence in another, in one another, is so profoundly insistent that Wuthering Heights refuses to be reduced to the sum of mundane interpretations in terms of civilized standards.
Heathcliff's violence aims at three civilized targets which work to supress his Eros : first, Hindley's surplus-repression, the restrictions of his social domination transmitted to him by his father, Mr Earnshaw, next, Joseph's hypocratic, empty Christian doctrine, and last, the civilized rule of the Lintons embodied by the elements of Thrushcross Grange, where Catherine finds herself trapped. They are confronted not only with the surplus-repression and performance principle disguised by civilization, but they must also struggle against the flux of time through retreating to the memory of Heights or a
timeless world.
The Eros images are the images of the abolition, or negation, of domination : a great refusal to accept separation from their Eros. The refusal aims at liberation-at the reunion of what has become separated. Through Catherine and Heathcliff, Emily Brontёcreates a mythic archytype of human existence under non-repressive civilization. She extablishes a reconcilation of man and nature in a sensuous culture, revealing a new reality, the reality of human freedom and pleasure by the imagery and symbols of their natural power, their torments, and their growing awareness of Eros that combines libido and their childhood after their separation, and their final need for union through death.
Therefore, Heathcliff's violence refers to the aesthetic dimension as the one in which their Eros must be sought and radiated: self-sublimation into Eros and emergence of a non-repressive social relationships.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 에로스와 文明
• Ⅲ. 自己否正과 歸還
• Ⅳ. 美的次元에서의 破壞
• Ⅴ. 時間과 에로스
• Ⅵ. 맺음말