HPLC-FLD와 MSD를 이용한 지하수 중 나프탈렌 TNT의 미량 분석법 개발 = Development of Analytical Methods for Micro Levels of Naphthalene and TNT in Groundwater by HPLC-FLD and MSD

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Naphthalene and TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) are defined by U.S. EPA as possible carcinogenic compounds known to have
detrimental effects on the aquatic ecosystem and human body. There are, however, few researches on methods of
analyzing micro-levels of naphthalene and TNT dissolved in groundwater. This study introduces and evaluates the newly
developed analytical methods of measuring naphthalene and TNT in groundwater by using HPLC-FLD (Fluorescence
detector) and MSD (Mass detector). The MDL, LOQ and salt effect of these methods, respectively, are compared with
those of conventional methods which use HPLC-UV. For the analysis of naphthalene, HPLC-FLD was set in the maxima
wavelength (Ex: 270 nM, Em: 330 nM) obtained from 3D-Fluorescence to be compared with HPLC-UV in 266 nM
wavelength. The MDL (0.3 μg/L) and LOQ (2.0 μg/L) of naphthalene by using HPLC-FLD were approximately 80 times
lower than those analyzed by HPLC-UV (MDL: 23.3 μg/L, LOQ: 163.1 μg/L). HPLC-MSD were used in comparison
with HPLC-UV in 230 and 254 nM wavelength for the analysis of TNT. The MDL (0.13 μg/L) and LOQ (0.88 μg/L) of
TNT analyzed by using HPLC-MSD were approximately 130 times lower than those obtained by using HPLC-UV in
230 nM (MDL: 16.8 μg/L, LOQ: 117.5 μg/L). The chromatogram of TNT analyzed by using HPLC-UV in 230 nM
displayed elevated baseline as the concentration of NO3
− increases beyond 21 mg/L, while the analysis using HPLC-MSD
did not demonstrate any change in baseline in presence of NO3
− of 63.7 mg/L which is 3.5 times higher than average
concentration in groundwater. In conclusion, HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MSD may be used as suitable methods for the
analysis of naphthalene and TNT in groundwater and drinking water. These methods can be applied to the monitoring of
naphthalene and TNT concentration in groundwater or drinking water.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

나프탈렌과 TNT는 미국 환경청(U.S. EPA)에서 규정한 발암가능성 물질로(Group C), 환경으로 방출될 경우 수생태
계와 인체에 심각한 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 지하수 내 두 물질의 미량 분석법에 대한 기존연구는
매우 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 HPLC-FLD(Fluorescence etector)와 MSD(Mass detector)를 이용한 지하
수 내 나프탈렌 및 TNT의 미량분석법을 개발하여, MDL과 LOQ 및 이온영향을 조사하고, 현재 사용되고 있는 HPLC-UV 분석법과 비교·평가하였다. 나프탈렌의 경우, 3D-Fluorescence를 통하여 확인된 최고의 파장(Ex: 270 nM,
Em: 330 nM)이 HPLC-FLD에 적용되었고, 0.3 µg/L의 MDL과 2.0 µg/L의 LOQ가 획득되었다. 이는 현재 방법
(HPLC-UV; MDL: 23.3 µg/L, LOQ: 163.1 µg/L)보다 약 80배 우수한 결과이며, U.S. EPA의 음용수 권고기준
(700 µg/L)의 약 350배 이하까지 정량분석이 가능한 수치이다. TNT의 경우, 새롭게 제시된 HPLC-MSD로 측정한 방
법(MDL: 0.13 µg/L, LOQ: 0.88 µg/L)이 HPLC-UV(MDL: 16.8 µg/L, LOQ: 117.5 µg/L at 230 nM)보다 약 130
배 우수한 것으로 조사되었고, U.S. EPA의 음용수 권고기준(20 µg/L)보다 약 23배 낮은 농도까지 정량분석이 가능
한 것을 확인하였다. 또한 HPLC-UV(230 nM)의 분석법은 NO3
− 농도가 증가할수록(특히 21 mg/L 이상) 크로마토그
램의 기준선이 증가하여 정량에 방해를 주었으나, HPLC-MSD 분석법은 국내 지하수 평균 농도보다 약 3.5배인
63.7 mg/L에서도 분석의 영향 없이 안정한 크로마토그램을 보여주었다. 따라서 새롭게 제시된 HPLC-FLD와 MSD에
의한 나프탈렌과 TNT 분석법은 지하수 및 음용수 미량분석에 적합하며, 관련분야 연구에 크게 도움이 될 것이다.

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