T-형 $Ca^{2+}$ 채널 길항제인 Mibefradil을 첨가한 인간 정자의 첨체반응 관찰 = Observation of the Incidence of Acrosome Reaction in Human Spermatozoa Treated with Mibefradil as a T-type $Ca^{2+}i$ Channels Inhibitor

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Objective: The sperm acrosome reaction is a $Ca^{2+}$-dependent exocytotic event that is triggered by adhesion to the mammalian egg's zona pellucida. Previous studies suggested a role of $Ca^{2+}$ channels in acrosome reactions. This study was conducted to investigate the T-type calcium channel is operated in acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa. Method: Human semen samples were obtained from healthy donors with normal criteria. The spermatozoa were divided into five groups: Group 1 were non-treated as a control; Group 2 where spermatozoa were exposed to 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}$ A23187 $(Ca^{2+}i)$; Group 3 where spermatozoa were exposed 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}i$ and mibefradil; Group 4 where spermatozoa were exposed 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}i$ and nifedipine, and Group 5 where spermatozoa were treated with 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}i$ and both of mibefradil and nifedipine. Spermatozoa in all groups were retrieved after incubation for 15 and 30 minutes at $37^{\circ}C$. After staining with PSA-FITC, fluorescence was observed under a fluorescence microscope, and AR was evaluated on a total>100 spermatozoa/side. Result and Conclusion: We observed on acrosome reaction inhibition rate in human spermatozoa the various of concentration of mibefradil, nifedipine. Maximum response was noted with 1.0 ${\mu}M$ mibefradil and the decrease of acrosome reaction inhibition rate 45%. Nifedipine in acrosome reaction inhibition rate was only about 25%. The $Ca^{2+}i$-induced AR of spermatozoa was significantly suppressed by mibefradil. Incidence of the suppression was depending on concentration of mibefradil. Results from the present study suggest that the human spermatozoa possess T-type channel. The observation that reversible inhibitor of T channels in male germ cells provides a new mechanism of contraceptive action.