農業經營組織의 經濟的 檢討 : 特히 全南光州地域에 있어서 農業組織의 多樣性測定과 그 改善方向 = THE ECONOMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF FARM ORGANIZATION IN UCHIDONG, KWANGJU AREA

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This report is based on the data oil farm management survey made of a total of 102 farms households In a pilot community development village,Uchidong, Kwangju which was selected as survey sample area. The survey was designed to figure out the diversity index in terms of the combination of the farm enterprises, particularly the proportional composition rate of each enterprise in farm organization aud to review the essentials of farm organization there by to compare it with the farm organization of the whole country in order to review the ways and means economically to improve the farm organization in therms of farm enterprise and farm income.
Actually, this report is a part of the farm management analysis study made of the village, but it can be summarized·in conclusion as follows:
1. The essential factor for the development of farm economy largely depends on the increase in farm income. In other words, as success of failure in farm management depends on the diversification degree of farm organization, we want to review the diversification degree in order to find out things to be improved.
2. We attempted to get the understanding of the status of farm organization to begin with the diversification and specialization of farming in terms of farm business and farm organization.
3. 72% of the total farmland in the village is paddyland and the rest 28% upland. According1y, it seems this village is more or less paddy area. Rice is planted on the paddyland followed by barley or wheat or Chines milk vetch etc. as supplementary enterprise on double cropping system, which indicates the trend to semi-diversification of paddy crop production while pulese, sweet potato or white potato, vegetable, cotton, tobacco, mulberry tree, fruit tree as well as barley or wheat are planted on upland as supplementary enterprise, indicating the trend to semi-diversi-fication. However the diversification degree appears to center on single crop farming of rice and barley as main crops.
4. Talking of the diversity index 1.89 (see Table 4)of farm organization which was figured out, it appears that the degree of the diversity is simple. However, if we look into the farm organization closely, it might be the most particular type of semi-diversified farm organization which can be called grain-crop monoculture farming because major crops to be planted as the source of in come are limited to rice and barley.
5. Because of monoculture farming system of rice and barley, there are limited opportunities of chooses in selection of other farm products and on the other hand inequal amount of farm income throughout the year results in low capital turn-over. It can be pointed out that farm productivity is likely to dinished because of the limitation in choice of commercial product or enteprises, of inequal distribution of farm labor and labor means-machines ues- and because of difficulty in maintaining and increasing soil ferility, and that it is very hard to achieve ·diversified farm enierprised with a view of rational resource use and risk-dispersior.
6. A number of small farm prevails in the village area. Therffoie it would be much better if diversified farming is pratticed instead of monoculture farming. It is appropriate and necessary to encourage farmers to suppleementary farm enterprise growing high value and high marketable crop besides major enterprise it order to increase farm income.
It appesrs that there should be made some study as to how to diversify farm; Upland must be diversified in terms of farm enterprise, accompanied by improved cropping system, such as cash crops besides barley, whereas podgy-field must be divesified in terms of double cropping as supplementary enterprise besides of rice, In this respect, there is need to make study on the ways to produce some forage crop on dry-paddyland. It is also desirable to make thorough study on the ways and means of introducing livestock, sericulture and so forth to farmers so that they can be me titrated to improve the farm organization on livestock-crop rotation system.
7. In short, the above mentioned can be summerized into three parts as follws:
a. There is need to make some study as to organization in order to revise it into livestock-crop rotation farm by introducing to farmers some ideas of raising livestock and of growing special crop for industrial material besides rice and barley in ways of utilization of upland and paddyland. In other words, it is encouraged to make study as to full utilization of farmland how to get the supplementary or complementary effect of land, what is called maximum complementary of land utilization(Bodennutzungsgemeinschaft) in order to increase farm income and raise the preductivity of land.
b. It is also encouraged to make solute study as to how to get the most benefit from the effect of full employment of labor and land utilization means(Bodennutzungsmittelgemeinschft)-diversified farming can reduce farming cost per unit farm area or unit production, it costs less in farming expenses and brings more return than monoculture or specialized farming because it can distribute labor and farm implements which is called the means of labor utilization, on balanced basis to each farm enterprise.
c. As far as some farm products or by products are concerned they and be used for mixed feed of livestock, which can described as supplementary effect of farm products. This is wha the diversification of land utilization and maximization of products utilization(Verwertungsgemeinschaft) are reeded. So far not much study has been made about it. It is felt that some study should be made in order to make the most of available form preduct among the farm enterprises effectively. As stated. above, farm organization should be well diversified to get the benefit from the effect of three factors, so called maximum complelnentary of land utilization, full employment of labor and land utilization means and maximization of products utilization.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 序論-問題의 提超 The Problems
• 2. 農業組鐵의 特滯性 Peculiar Character of farm Organization
• 3. 農業種營組鐵의 意義와 類型 Farm Organization Defined and the Types Described
• 가) 植合化徑營과 專門化經營 Diversification and Specialization Defined and Described
• 나) 經藝組織의 類型 Types of Farm Organization
• (1) 單一(專門化)經營 Monoculture or Specialized Farming
• (2) 準單一經營 Semi-Mnoculture or Semi-specialized Farming
• (3) 複合(多樣化)經營 Diversified Farming
• (4) 準漠合經營 Semi-Diverified Farming
• 4. 經營組鐵의 多樣性과 그 訓定法 Diversity of Farm OrganiZation and the Measurement
• 5. 光州 牛漏洞部務에 있어서 農民經營의 多樣性 Diversity Index of Farm Organization in KwangJu Area
• 6. 光州地域의 單純穀作經營組織의 經濟的.長短点에 關한 檢討 The economic investigations of strong and Weak Point on grain-crop monoculture farm organization in Kwangju Aera
• A) 單純穀作經營의 經濟的 長点 즉 生産專門化 經營의 理 와 經營組織 改善을 위한 經濟的 Summerizing the strong point of single crop farming or the reasons of specialiration and investigation for improving of farm organization