공정거래 컴플라이언스의 개선방안에 관한 고찰 = A Study on Improvement Measures of the Fair Trade Compliance

국문 초록 (Abstract)

공정거래법은 시장윤리에 관한 핵심적 법규범이다. 산업혁명 이후 세계는 급격한 경제성장을 이뤘지만, 재벌과 대기업의 시장지배력과 카르텔 등을 초래하여 공정하고 자유로운 시장경쟁을 제한하는 역기능이 발생하였다. 초기의 공정거래법은 주로 독점과 담합등 불공정거래 규제에 집중하였지만, 오늘날 글로벌화와 디지털경제화가 진행되면서 시장환경이 크게 달라졌고, 기업은 세계시장에서 경쟁하게 됨으로써 각국의 공정거래법규를 준수해야 했고 이것이 기업경영에 큰 리스크가 되었다.
오늘날 디지털경제는 공정거래법 집행에 온라인플랫폼의 지배력강화, 알고리즘을 통한 가격조정, 데이터독점 등 새로운 과제를 안겨 주었는데 이들은 전통적 공정거래 규제로는 다루기 힘든 문제들이다. 이러한 변화 속에서 법적 리스크를 관리하지 못하는 기업은 막대한 과징금과 법적 분쟁에 직면할 수 있어 기업의 재정적 안정성과 평판에 큰 영향을 미치므로 법적 규제 이전에 기업 스스로 공정거래법을 준수하는 것이 이상적이다.
이에 관한 중요한 제도가 공정거래 컴플라이언스 프로그램(CP)이다.
이 논문은 공정거래법상 규제내용을 간단히 요약한 후 공정거래 CP의 중요성과 효과적 운영방안을 모색한 글이며, 컴플라이언스 프로그램(CP)의 개념과 중요성, 구성요소와운영전략을 상세히 살펴보고, 글로벌시장에서 공정거래 컴플라이언스의 비교법적 고찰과함께 우리나라 공정거래법상 CP 규정의 개요와 문제점 및 개선방안 등에 대하여 다양하게 고찰하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Fair Trade Act is the basic legal norm regarding market ethics.
Since the Industrial Revolution, the world has achieved rapid economic growth, but it has led to the market dominance of conglomerates and large corporations and cartels, which have resulted in dysfunction that restricts fair and free market competition. The early Fair Trade Act mainly focused on regulating unfair trade such as monopolies and collusion, but today, with the advancement of globalization and digitalization, the market environment has changed significantly, and companies have had to comply with the fair trade laws of each country as they compete in the global market, which has become a major risk for corporate management.
Today, the digital economy has brought new challenges to the enforcement of the Fair Trade Act, such as the strengthening of the dominance of online platforms, price adjustments through algorithms, and data monopolies, which are issues that are difficult to deal with with traditional fair trade regulations. In these changes, companies that fail to manage legal risks may face huge fines and legal disputes, which can have a significant impact on the financial stability and reputation of the company, so it is ideal for companies to comply with the Fair Trade Act themselves before legal regulations. An important system for this is the Fair Trade Compliance (Voluntary Compliance) Program.
The Fair Trade Compliance Program (CP) is an essential element for companies to minimize legal risks and realize ethical management. In other words, it goes beyond simple legal compliance and is a strategic tool for companies to achieve sustainable growth and enhance competitiveness. In an era where consumers and investors value ethical management of companies, fair trade compliance has become an important element for enhancing corporate reliability and reputation. Fair and transparent trade practices are essential for enhancing corporate competitiveness.
In this article, we summarize fair trade regulations and suggest compliance strategies to comply with them, and explore the importance of fair trade CP and effective operation methods. We examine the concept and importance of the Compliance Program (CP), its components, and operation strategies, introduce fair trade compliance application cases in the global market, analyze its effectiveness, and examine the outline, problems, and improvement measures of the CP regulations under the Fair Trade Act of Korea.