망명 작곡가 쇤베르크의 삶과 음악언어 = A Study on Schonberg's Exile and his 「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A. Schonberg(1874~1951) is a composer leading the modern music in the 20th century through a variety of experimental works and by establishing the unique twelve-tone music. His career of diverse musical creations is divided into three periods, the first phase of tonal creativity(1899~1907), the second phase of atonal creativity(1908~1927), and the third phase of twelve-tone technique creativity(1921~1951). The third period began after he exiled in the United States of America.
This thesis aims at illuminating how Schonberg revealed his inner spirit of resistance by way of a musical work called 「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」, bringing focus into the last phase of his musical career, the third period.
「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」, composed in 1947 to manifest to the whole world the atrocities of holocaust the Nazis committed to the Jews, contains the Jewish spirit of resistance against the German Nazism.
Schonberg published an expressionist style of atonal tendency that went beyond tonality when impressionism stood firm as a spiritual prop in Europe. And then, he established the theory of twelve-tone music. It is believed that atonality and expressionism fundamentally led him to compose 「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」.
In fact, 「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」 established the expressionist style based on the twelve-tone music.
Before Schonberg's 「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」 is thoroughly analyzed, the formative and historical background of the work should be examined first. This musical work requires the maximal effect through the text and its music. In this tune, language or text, and music support each other while each factor has its own uniqueness.
Especially, a contemplation on the human history together with his confession as a religious man is related to the appealing inner spirit of resistance in him. Resistant musics have their limits when they are formed into artistic works. Therefore, this work too has often been criticized because of its logical fabrication of the political aspects and artistic disharmony. But, Schonberg's view of music that the audience should directly experience through the artistic power of music the historic incident that can't be manifested easily is certainly one of the genuine artist's virtues.
This paper suggests that 「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」 is a twelve-tone music in which twelve-tones are intentionally used and a work that collects 20th century musical features. Here, language or text, and music so really bear testimony to the inhuman aspects of mankind. In this sense, this trial of Schonberg's is full of life in and has great significance along with a "musical work".
「A Survivor from Warsaw op.46」 is evaluated as an outstanding resistant music expressing the 20th century musician in exile, Schonberg's own spirit of resistance against Nazi's inhuman atrocities as well as the Zeitgeist for humanity to long for freedom.