Socrates의 回想說과 學習理論 = Socrates' Theories of Reminiscence and Learning

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to consider how can learning for Socrates be brought about, and by a kind of method it can. In order to arrive at the aim, I shall analyse and consider the followings :
1) What is the theoretical basis that Socrates can repute the 'paradox of Meno'(the impossibility of learning) which Meno raise him in the Dialogue, Meno?
2) Is this basis related to Socrates' concept of education?
3) By a kind of method can a learner arrive at the rational knowledge?
Findings :
Socrates' theories of reminiscence and learning are correlated to each other, and based on the doctrine of transmigration of soul. By it, a reminiscence can be called an experience. therefore, his concept of education is related to caring of soul, and is contrary to Sophists' concept of education which is related to caring of body.
And, what is essential in Sophists' education is to teach the youth to accept the customs of city in which they are living. Thus, Socrates seems to think that it is not education, but the theory and practice of 'getting on'. For the position of socrates is simply that this uncritical acceptance of tradition, this acquiring of Athenian virtue, is no education at all. there is no virtue in being an Athenian, no peculiar and superior athenian brand of goodness, but goodness is the same wherever it occurs, and what passes as good at Athens may not be really good at all. It requires the most careful scrutiny, and until this process of examination has begun, education has not begun. Thus his concept of education is concerned with finding self-knowledge. Also, his method is the dialectic method which learning can be arrived at only by questionings. It consists of two stages : 1) Ironic stage ; 2) Maieutic stage. Hence, Socrates call the teacher the 'gadfly of thought' and the 'intellectual midwife'.
Conclusion : It seems that Korean concept of education of today is apt to degrade to the theory and practice of 'getting on'. If so, Socrates' theory of learning by reminiscence will have many implications for Korean educational realities.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 緖 論
• Ⅱ. 靈魂의 輪回說
• 1. 輪回說의 起源
• 2. Socrates와 輪回說
• Ⅲ. 敎育과 回想說
• 1. 傳統과 敎育
• 2. 回想說과 敎育
• Ⅳ. Socrates의 敎授方法과 學習
• 1. Socrates의 敎授方法
• 2. Socrates의 敎授方法의 段階와 學習
• Ⅴ. 回想에 의한 學習理論의 批判(結論)
• 參考文獻
• Abstract