정부의 질이 국민 삶의 질에 미치는 영향: 경제성장의 매개효과를 중심으로 = The Impact of the Quality of Government on the Quality of Life: Based on the Mediating Effects of Economic Growth

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The recent discussion on the quality of life goes beyond considering economic, political, and cultural factors and now also considers the quality of government as an important factor. Good government can not only make impact on the national development in a macro level, but it can also change the quality of an individual’s life in a micro level. This study examines the impact of good government on an individual’s quality of life. The main hypothesis is that good quality of government will improve the national economic growth, and it will ultimately enhance the quality of lives of the citizens. Data from 144 countries from 2010 to 2015 were looked into, and Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used as a research method. The results show that government effectiveness has positive effects on economic growth while the rule of law, engagement of citizens, and improved accountability and responsibility actually have negative effects on economic growth. Moreover, as expected, economic growth is an important factor in improving the quality of life. Lastly, specific theoretical and practical implications were discussed based on different political systems and sizes of other countries’ governments.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근의 삶의 질에 대한 연구는 기존의 경제적, 정치적, 문화적 요인을 넘어서 정부의 질에 대한 논의가 이루어지고 있다. ‘좋은 정부(good government)’는 거시적 차원의 국가발전 뿐만 아니라 개인의 삶의 질에도 지대한 영향을 미친다는 것이다. 그렇다면 오늘날 좋은 정부는 실제로 국민 삶의 질적인 향상을 이끌어내는가? 본 연구는 정부의 질은 국가의 경제성장을 향상시키고 이는 궁극적으로 국민 삶의 질을 높일 것이라고 가정한다. 즉 경제성장은 정부의 질과 삶의 질에 있어 부분매개효과를 지니는 것으로 가정하였다. 연구질문에 답하기 위해 144개국을 대상으로 2010년부터 2015년까지의 데이터를 수집하였고, 구조방정식 모형을 통해 연구에서 가정하는 인과관계를 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 정부의 질적 측면 중 정부효과성은 경제성장에 긍정적인 영향을 미치나 법의 공정한 지배와 시민참여와 책임성의 향상은 오히려 경제성장을 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 경제성장은 예상한대로 국민 삶의질을 향상시키는 선행요인임을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 정치체제와 정부규모에 따른 구체적인 이론적, 실천적 함의를 제시하였다.

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