譯註 孫萬雄 『燕行日錄』 = The Translation of Son Man-Woong's Yeonhaengilrok(「燕行日錄」) with Annotations

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to investigate the characteristics and significance of
Yeonhaengilrok(「燕行日錄」), which is a book of records written in the journal form
by Yachon Son Man-woong(野村 孫萬雄, 1643~1712) after his visit to Beijing as
Seojanggwan of Dongjisa in 1677(third year of King Sukjong's reign), among many
Yeonhaeng records by translating it with annotations along with its manuscript
considered as its basic material.
The mainstream of interest in Yeonhaeng records has involved the translation and
research of creative works since the 18th century from the perspectives of literature
and Silhak(實學), and good examples of such works include Nogajaeyeonhaengilgi
(『老稼齋燕行日記』) by Kim Chang-eop, Damheonyeongi(『湛軒燕記』 by Hong
Dae-yong, and Yeolhailgi (『熱河日記』) by Park Ji-won. Compared to them, the
creative works of the 17th century have not met with as many achievements.
Yachon went on his Yeonhaeng mission when Jeongmyohoran and Byeongjahoran
were over. It was approximately 30~40 years after the fall of Ming Dynasty when
Joseon established its relations with Qing as the dynamic relationship among the
states of East Asia was reorganized. However, Joseon was still swept over by the
social atmosphere for the restoration of the Sinocentric world order based on the
Hua-yi(華夷) Theory and the plan for northern subjugation to wash away thnational humiliation. Qing was on track to fully capture mainland China and get
stability when its biggest crisis since its foundation happened in the form of the
Revolt of the Three Feudatories. The revolt was at its height when Yachon visited
Qing.
The Revolt of the Three Feudatories led by Wu Sangui(吳三桂, 1644~1678), the
Han general who later surrendered, was a simple crisis for Qing. For Joseon, it
presented an opportunity as well as a crisis. Joseon expected that the revolt might
bring a chance to wash away its national humiliation and restore the Sinocentric
world order and was afraid that the revolt would result in an expected risk. In these
circumstances, it must have been extremely important for Joseon to figure out what
was changing every minute in China exactly. Sending a delegation of envoys to
Beijing was a method to collect as much accurate information as possible within the
limitations at a time when there were not many routes to collect information.
The Yachon party collected 38 pieces of information in total during their
Yeonhaeng, and 19 of them were about the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. These
numbers show how active they were with information gathering. Of the pieces, 12
are also found in Dongmunhuigo(『同文彙考』), which is a collection of diplomatic
documents from the second half of Joseon. This indicates that they contained
high-quality information. In addition, they mention records about the clues of the
National Boundary Monument on Mt. Baekdu that made the border between Joseon
and Qing definite, thus attracting further attention.
Yachon's Yeonhaeng records offer a good and specific example of the content and
method to collect information, which was part of the duties of an envoy delegation
responsible for diplomatic affairs during a national crisis. They also provide
materials to show the process of Qing becoming the winner of mainland China and
stabilizing its relationship with Joseon since the 18th century.
Yachon's Yeonhaeng records remain in two forms. One of them is Yeonhaengilrok,
which is a block book(printed book) and included in Volume 4 of Yachonjip·(『野村
集』) The other is the manuscript in the book form, containing only records about
his Yeonhaeng. The block book Yeonhaengilrok is highly refined after several
revisions to delete the content that was troublesome or unfavorable in thpublication process of his collection. The manuscript Yeonhaengilrok, however,
offers basic materials to publish his collection despite some missing parts.
Compared with the block book, it contains relatively detailed descriptions and
narrations and vivid records that were not added or deleted according to favorable
or unfavorable nature.
Yachon's Yeonhaengilrok includes records from the second half of the 17th century.
As historical materials, its translation will offer information to understand the
process of an envoy delegation responsible for diplomatic affairs performing their
missions including information gathering and examine how Joseon established its
relationship with Qing after an unexpected event called the Revolt of the Three
Feudatories following the two Horans.
As for its literary aspect, the book is at the stage of Sahaeng literature's colorful
development since the 18th century based on its detailed descriptions of figures and
situations and its vivid narrations about events and incidents. The book also
includes Yachon's Dangas(Sijos) that he created during his Yeonhaeng. It is
unusual that such works were included in a book of Yeonhaeng records.
There are rare cases that translated Yeonhaeng records by multiple authors in the
same Sahaeng delegation, and it is more difficult to find both the manuscript and
printed book of the same records by a single author and their translations. The
block book Yeonhaengilrok and the manuscript Yeonhaengilrok share the same
framework, but the latter holds relatively more detailed records. Their comparison
will provide a chance to estimate changes in the publication process of his
collection

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 야촌 「燕行日錄」 해제 1
• 1. 서론 1
• 2. 야촌 손만웅 4
• 1) 야촌의 생애와 가계 4
• 2) 야촌의 교유관계 10
• 3. 야촌 「燕行日錄」의 傳存양상 13
• 1) 『野村集』 편찬과정과 이본 13
• 2) 목판본 「燕行日錄」과 필사본 「燕行日錄」 18
• 4. 야촌의 연행 경위 21
• 1) 연행 목적 21
• 2) 연행 시기 22
• 3) 연행단의 구성 22
• 4) 연행 경로 23
• 5) 연행 성과 23
• 5. 야촌 「燕行日錄」의 문헌적 가치 24
• 1) 수록 내용상의 가치 24
• 2) 서술 방식상의 특징 36
• 6. 결론 42
• Ⅱ. 譯註 孫萬雄 「燕行日錄」 43
• [일러두기] 44
• 역주 손만웅 「연행일록」 45
• 연행시 단가 195
• 사은겸동지사일행좌목[필사본] 197
• 노정기[필사본] 199
• 【참고문헌】 201
• 【Abstract】 204
• ※부록1 저자 행력 207
• ※부록2 저자 가계도 210
• ※부록3 가문 관계도 211
• ※부록4 연행 일정표 212
• ※부록5 연행도 227