글로벌 자동차산업의 물류아웃소싱 유형화 연구 = A Classification of Logistics Outsourcing in the Global Automotive Industry

국문 초록 (Abstract)

글로벌화의 진전, 치열한 경쟁 그리고 고객수요의 다양화 요구와 더불어 자동차업체들은 비용절감, 유연성 확대, 핵심역량 강 화 등을 위해 물류아웃소싱을 적극적으로 추진하고 있다. 물류아웃소싱 방식은 다양하며 기업의 글로벌 공급사슬관리의 전략에 따라 정해지고 있다. 본 연구는 글로벌 자동차업체들을 대상으로 물류아웃소싱의 방식과 특성에 따라 유형화함으로써 물류아웃소 싱 전략에 대한 시사점을 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 유형화 분석을 위해 유럽, 미국 및 아시아의 13개 완성차업체를 대상으로 물류아웃소싱을 결정하는 8개의 변수 값을 투입하여 군집분석을 실시하였다. 군집분석결과 유럽계, 미국계 그리고 아시아계 완성차업체들이 각각 동일한 군집을 형성하는 것으로 나 타났다. 이는 지역의 아웃소싱 방식, 자동차 전문물류업체의 가용성, 아웃소싱 성향, 물류전략 등에서 유사성을 띠고 있기 때문으 로 분석되었다. 이에 대한 시사점으로는 자동차산업의 대내외적 환경 추이를 고려할 때 우리나라 자동차업체들은 물류 경쟁력 제 고를 위해서는 물류 아웃소싱 전략을 기존의 폐쇄적이고 경직된 형태에서 개방적이고 유연한 방식으로의 전환을 적극적으로 추진 해나갈 필요가 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With the progress of globalization, fierce competition, and diversification of customer demand, automakers are actively pursuing logistics outsourcing in order to reduce costs, increase flexibility, and strengthen core competencies. Logistics outsourcing are undertaken by carmakers considering their strategies for global supply chain management. The purpose of this study is to provide implications for logistics outsourcing strategies by categorizing them according to the method and characteristics of logistics outsourcing. The cluster analysis was carried out by inputting 8 values for variable in 13 automakers in Europe, USA and Asia, which determine a classification of logistics outsourcing. The results of the clustering analysis show that European, American and Asian carmakers each form same cluster. This is because of similarities in regional outsourcing methods, availability of specialized logistics companies for automotive, outsourcing tendencies, and logistics strategies. Implications for this are that considering the globalization of the automotive industry, it is necessary to actively consider to switch logistics outsourcing strategy to more open and flexible ways in order to enhance logistics competitiveness.

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