녹비작물의 토양환원이 상추 및 얼갈이 배추의 수량에 미치는 영향 = The Use of Green Manure Crops as a Nitrogen Source for Lettuce and Chinese Cabbage Production in Greenhouse

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

BACKGROUND: Green manure and graminaceousmanure crops have several benefits, such as improving soil physical and chemical propertiesand utilizing excessive greenhouse nutrients that they have a potential to be a water pollutant source. METHODS AND RESULTS: The objective of this study was to investigate nitrogen (N) supplying capabilities of green manure and graminaceous manure cropsfor lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L) grown under greenhouse conditions. For this two leguminous manures (Crotalaria juncea (Cr.) and Sesbaniaexaltata (Se.) and two graminaceous manures (Sorghum bicolor; Haussolgo (Ha) and Sudangrass (Sg) in the greenhouse were grown, cut, and incorporated into the greenhouse soil before planting. Chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate was estimated based on N recommendation for lettuce and Chinese cabbage. 100% of the N recommended rates (1N) were 70 kg N ha-1 for lettuce and 60 kg N ha-1 for Chinese cabbage and 50% of the N recommendation rates (0.5N) were 35 kg N ha-1 for lettuce and 30 kg N ha-1 for Chinese cabbage. Nitrogen treatments were control (0N), Cr., Se., Cr + 0.5 N, Se + 0.5 N, Ha + 0.5 N, Sg+0.5 N, and N recommendation rate (1N). Incorporated N from green manure and graminaceous manure crops were 130, 116, 93, and 87 kg N ha-1 for Cr., Se, Ha, and Sg, respectively, Lettuce and Chinese cabbage were grown after incorporated green manure crops into the greenhouse soil. There was no significant difference in lettuce and Chinese cabbage yieldsunder N treatments except control (0 kg/ha).Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) was from 44% to 73% and the highest NUE was under Se. treatment. Although yields were not statistically different under N treatments except control, actual yield increase ranged from 170 to 1,100 kg/ha for lettuce and ranged from 2,770 to 5,210 kg/ha for Chinese cabbage compared to yield under N recommendation rate. Estimated economic benefit from this would be higher approximately between W2, 770,000 and W5, 210,000/ha under N treatments except control than the N recommendation rate. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that incorporating green manure crops, such as Cr. and SeSe, into soil or adding 0.5 N after incorporation of them can be beneficial in many ways in that it increases economic return because of yield increase, reduces the use of chemical N, and decreasesthe negative environmental impact on water quality because excessive N in the greenhouse soil can be used by green manure crops during the fallow.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 이인복, "화본과 및 두과 녹비작물 토양환원에 따른 토마토 생육 및 토양 양분수지량 변화" 한국환경농학회 27 (27): 343-348, 2008
• 2 임태준, "토양의 질산태 질소와 수량과의 관계를 통한 오이의 질소 시비량 설정" 한국환경농학회 26 (26): 223-227, 2007
• 3 최봉수, "토양 화학성 및 생물학성 변화에 대한 녹비작물 시용 효과" 한국토양비료학회 43 (43): 528-536, 2010
• 4 양창휴, "벼 재배시 녹비작물 혼입에 따른 지력개선 효과" 한국토양비료학회 42 (42): 371-378, 2009
• 5 양승구, "무경운 유기재배에서 녹비작물별 고추의 수량과 토양 화학성 변화" 한국유기농업학회 19 (19): 255-272, 2011
• 6 전원태, "답리작에서 녹비작물 크림손클로버 단파 및 혼파가 벼 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향" 한국토양비료학회 44 (44): 847-852, 2011
• 7 이인복, "녹비의 토양환원에 따른 후작물 토마토 생육과 수량 반응" 한국환경농학회 25 (25): 346-351, 2006
• 8 Park, S.T., "Understanding of environmental friendly agriculture and rice production using green manure crops" Sammi 20-21, 2008
• 9 Wagger, M.G., "Time of desiccation effects on plant composition and subsequent nitrogen release from several winter annual cover crops" 81 : 236-241, 1989
• 10 Bronick, C.J., "Soil structure and management: a review" 124 : 3-22, 2005
• 11 Mulvaney, R.L., "Nitrogen inorganic forms. Methods of soil analysis" SSSA Book 1996
• 12 성좌경, "Effects of Green Manure Crops, Hairy vetch and Rye, on N Supply, Redpepper Growth and Yields" 한국토양비료학회 41 (41): 247-253, 2008
• 13 Gericke, S., "Die kolorimetrischepho sphorsaü. rebestimmungmit ammonium-vandat-mol ybdat und ihreanwendungbei der pflanzenanalyse. Z. Pflanzenernä.hrung" 59 : 235-247, 1952
• 14 Shipley, P.R., "Conserving residual corn fertilizer nitrogen with winter cover crops" 84 : 869-876, 1992
• 15 Fred, M., "Building soils for better crops. Part 2.Ecological soil & crop management. Chapter 10.Cover crops" Sustainable Agriculture Network 87-98, 2000
• 16 Schollenberger, C. J., "An rapid approximate method for determining soil organic matter" 24 : 65-68, 1927