도덕적 상황에서 권력이 사회적 거리 지각에 미치는 영향 = The Effect of Power on the Perception of Social Distance in Moral Situations

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Based on the social distance theory of power, the current research examined whether power increases social distance in the context of a moral situation using a direct and intuitive method to measure social distance. It was hypothesized that power increases the social distance and that abstract thinking, considered as a high-level construal thinking, would mediate the relationship between power and social distance. In both study 1 and study 2, power conditions(high power, low power) and three psychological distance(social distance, temporal distance, spatial distance) were designed to test the effect of power on social distance, and abstract processing was measured only in study 2 to examine its mediation effect. The results showed that power increases the social distance in moral situations, which supports the social distance theory of power. However, the effects of power on the other psychological distances(temporal distance and spatial distance) were not consistent, and the mediation effect of abstract thinking was not significant. The implications of these results and the directions for future research are up for discussion.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 권력이 사회적 거리를 증가시킨다는 권력의 사회적 거리 이론(Magee & Smith, 2013)이 도덕적 상황 맥락에서도 일관되게 나타나는지를 사회적 거리에 대한 직관적 측정방법을 이용하여 검증하였다. 선행연구에 근거하여 권력이 사회적 거리를 증가시키며 이를 해석수준 이론에서 말하는 추상적 정보처리 성향이 매개할 것으로 가정하였다. 연구 1에서는 권력조건(고권력과 저권력)에 따라 3개의 심리적 거리(사회적 거리, 시간적 거리, 공간적 거리)에서 차이가 있는지를 검증하였다. 연구 2에서는 범주과제로 측정한 추상적 정보처리 성향이 권력조건(고권력과 저권력)에 따라 달라지는지, 그리고 추상적 정보처리 성향이 권력과 사회적 거리간의 관계를 매개하는지 분석하였다. 연구결과 고권력조건 참가자가 도덕적 상황에 대해 사회적 거리를 멀게 느끼는 것은 연구 1, 2 모두에서 나타났으나 그 외의 심리적 거리에 대해서는 연구 1에서만 권력조건의 효과가 유의미하였다. 연구 2에서 측정된 범주과제에서는 선행연구와 반대로 고권력 집단이 저권력 집단에 비해 더 엄격한 판단을 내리는 것으로 나타나 고권력감이 추상적 사고와 관련되어 있다는 기존 연구는 지지되지 않았으며 매개효과도 유의미하지 않았다. 연구 결과의 함의점과 제한점이 논의되었다.

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