韓國의 看護現狀에 대한 고찰 = A Study of Korean Nursing

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to research the present situation of nursing in Korea in accordance with many different areas.
Modern nursing in Korea started in 1903 with the foreign nurses visiting Korea for missionary work and has developed a lot recently. The title of nurses has changed 3 times and nursing educational system has been institutionalized into three or four year college education. In the past, the career of nurses was limited largely in the medical institutions as a medical assistant, but
these days their speciality field has been expanded into various areas such as schools, industrial organizations, social welfare facilities, and many different institutions practicing inclusive health and medical enterprises.
As of 1998, to be a nurse in Korea, they have to complete 3 or 4 years nursing college course as a basic curriculum and get a nurse license after passing state examination. After that, they work in the clinical field or community nursing field. If they want to be scholars or researchers, they go to graduate school. At the present there are 37 universities which offer the master's coures, and 12 universities which offer the doctor's course.
Nursing in Cheju began with opining JA-HYE clinic, the predecessor of Cheju Medical Center, but because licensed nurses were very few, unqualified nurses had been working as a nurse assistant. However, in 1969, Cheju Nursing School, the predecessor of Cheju Halla College, opened as a three-year college course and has produced qualified nurses who have had regular nursing education. At the present Cheju Halla College turns out about 200 nurses yearly, and there are 824 nurses who are working in Cheju community.
In the nursing curriculum of college, 4-year nursing colleges give more weight on cultural subjects than 3-year nursing college. But the students of both the colleges have to pass state examination, they have to complete the same level of major subjects. The core subjects are as follows : Adult Nursing, Pediatry Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Psychiatric Nursing,
Community Nursing, Nursing Management, and Basic Nursing.
Nurse's employment range and its present situation is divided by a clinical field and community field. A clinic field includes medical institutions prescribed by the Medical Services Law such as general hospital, hospital, dental hospital, Chinese medicine hospital, nursing home, private dental clinic, and so on. Community field includes public health center, primary, middle and high schools where nurses are working as school nurses, medical rooms in the industrial organizations, social welfare facilities, administrational institutions, research institutions, and colleges.
As of the end of 1996, the employment rate of nurses available came up to 60.1%. But because of recent IMF economic crisis in Korea, each medical institution is having difficulties in managing, therefore, nurses and staff have been dismissed by way of structural reform. Even though it is a passing phenomenon, the employment rate of nurses has been declined as of May in 1998.
The future perspective of Korean Nursing is predicted that by the improvement of educational level, 3-year nursing colleges will offer intensive courses and expand the opportunities of nurses' reeducation, while it is likely that nursing education will be unitary with 4-year course. Besides, nursing specialist system is predicated to be more activated on account of the improvement of public health and medical level, and the development of Medical science and Nursing.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序論
• Ⅱ. 本論
• 1. 韓國의 看護史
• 2. 濟州道 看護의 歷史와 敎育
• 3. 韓國의 看護敎育 課程 및 制度
• 4. 大學에서의 看護敎育課程
• 5. 韓國 看護師의 現況
• 6. 看護師의 就業分野와 就業現況
• 7. 未來의 展望
• Ⅲ. 結論
• 參考文獻
• Abstract