초등 사회 검정 교과서 11종의 6⋅25 전쟁 서술 분석 연구 = A study on the analysis of the description of the Korean War in 11 types of elementary school social studies certified textbooks

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Korean War was a significant event related to the existence of the Republic of Korea, but several problems have recently been pointed out in the description of the Korean War in elementary school social studies textbooks. This study explores the direction of the desirable description of the Korean War in textbooks, and based on this, examines the description of the Korean War in 11 types of textbooks for 5th grade elementary school social studies by publisher for the 2023 school year to determine what specific issues are problematic. Studying of the Korean War, the national (regime) identity (anti-communism and liberal democracy), diplomatic strategy, responsibility and role for future generations are selected. The criteria for analysis were whether the national (regime) identity is clearly revealed when describing the origin and development process of the war, whether diplomatic mechanisms are clearly revealed in the armistice process and whether tasks to be solved related to the war are presented well so that learners could have responsibilities and roles.
As a result, elementary school social studies textbooks described the Korean War poorly overall.
This was not about securing neutrality or reducing the amount of learning, but rather failing to reveal causal relationships between historical events, making it difficult for students to understand.
Additionally, the 11 types of certified textbooks showed differences in the amount of description and content. There is concern that students learning differently about their country's history may contribute to deepening ideological conflict and maximizing polarization in society.
This study attempted to analyze problems with the description of the Korean War in elementary school social studies textbooks and suggest directions for improving future textbooks. This study is significant in that it attempted to specifically deal with the certified textbooks used for the first time in social studies for 5th grade elementary school students, and is also timely in that textbooks for 5th and 6th grade groups based on the 2022 revised curriculum are currently being created. The results and discussions of this study can be used as basic data to help improve elementary school’s social studies curriculum and publish textbooks in the future.