장 보댕과 잉글랜드 혁명 초기의 주권론 비교 연구 = 장 보댕의 주권론의 수용과 변용을 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

주권 개념의 부재는 16세기 이후 잉글랜드 정치사상이 지닌 특징들 중의 하나로 평가된다. 1576년 장 보댕의 ‘근대적’ 주권 개념이 제시되었을 무렵, 최초의 근대국가로 평가받는 섬나라의 ‘코먼웰스’는 근대국가와 쌍을 이뤄야할 것으로 보이는 주권 개념에 대해 뚜렷한 정의를 제시하지 않는다는 역설을 보여준다. 16세기 말 잉글랜드에 소개된 프랑스 장 보댕의 주권 개념은 잉글랜드 혁명 기간 왕당파와 의회파 저자들에 의해 본격적으로 활용되기 시작했지만, ‘의회 안의 왕’이라는 잉글랜드 고유의 정치적 개념 그리고 보통법 사상은 불가분성과 절대성을 핵심으로 하는 보댕의 주권 개념이 온전히 적용되기 힘든 정치적 콘텍스트를 제공했다. 17세기 중반 잉글랜드의 정치적 논의는 혁명이라는 역동적인 콘텍스트에 영향을 받았지만, 어쨌든 그 영향의 방향성을 결정하는 데 보댕의 주권론은 일정 부분 영향력을 행사한 것이 분명하다. 하지만 보댕의 주권 개념은 정교한 잉글랜드 근대국가의 틀 속에서 발전적인 모습을 보여주지 못한다. 오히려 그것은 정치적 구호로 정의되어 정치적 대립 상황 속에서 정치권력의 최종적 소재의 문제로 환원되는 경향을 보여준다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The absences of a clear conception of sovereignty in English political discourse reveal its distinctive pattern of state-formation. England is acknowledged to be the first modern state. However, England’s ‘common wealth’ failed to provide a clear definition of modern sovereignty. Although English political writers began to incorporate Jean Bodin’s concept of modern sovereignty into their doctrine, England’s unique political landscape prevented the foreign idea from penetrating too deep into English people’s mind. The ‘King of Parliament’ had its political system based on common law and superior parliament, which directly conflicted with Bodin’s appraisal of sovereignty. By mid 17th century England’s political landscape was being transformed by revolution, and Bodin’s concept of modern sovereignty certainly played a role in shaping England’s restructured political landscape.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문초록
• I. 들어가며
• II. 장 보댕의 수용과 용례
• III. 창조적 전유의 시도
• IV. 나오며: 잉글랜드의 법사상과 보댕의 주권
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

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