地方經費의 諸形態와 事業效果 1951-19602 = Local Expenditures and Community Benefits The Korean Case, 1950's

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

During 1950's Korea experienced violent changes in every aspects of social life, in which those changes occured in economic and social sectors were more remarkable than It has been at any time in Korean history.
The national efforts were devoted to attainment of diverse objectives such as defence, rehabilitation of war damages and economic and social development in relation to stages of transition in 1950's. All of these efforts carried the levels of many governmental activities on at higher levels, leading to greater expenditures both for the central government and various levels of local governments.
This paper is concerned with the process of increase in local expenditures, taking into consideration the benefits from the various activities of local governments. It consists of four sections: The first section examines the growth in local expenditures by sector and by level of local governments. The second section attempts to show both the causes of the increase in local expenditures and accomplishments of local expenditure programs, in detail. The discussion is however, confined within general services provided by local governments. The third section argues local expenditures and their benefits in relation to the special activities which were designed to increase the economic well-being of certain groups in the economy. Finally, the fourth section deals with the growth of educational services provided by local governments.
I. Growth in local government expenditures and changes in local expenditure patterns
There are three primary measures for evaluation of growth in public sector: the ratio of government purchases of goods and services to gross national product, the ratio of income originating in the governmental sector to total national income, the ratio of total government expenditures to gross national product. While each measure has its particular usefulness, the last one is used in this paper to measure the relative importance of local government sector in the national economy as shown in table 1.
Table 1. Government expenditures for the central and local governments.

The government expenditures shown in table 1 does not include some forms of expenditures, such as expenditures of special account sector and educational service sector. But the ratio shown in the table does measure trends of the influence of governmental activities, because the general government sectors almost represent governmental activities both on the national and local levels.
In 1950's local government expenditures rose much more rapidly than the central government expenditures in terms of the ratio to G.N.P. During the war-time, government expenditures for all levels of government rose tremendously. After the truce, the growth of expenditures at the central level slowed down, but the local government expenditures kept on growing. Since 1957 the growth in the government expenditures was held down in keeping pace with the stabilization program. The local government expenditures, however, increased more rapidly than the central government expenditures in ratio terms. Thus the ratio of local government expenditures to G.N.P. rose 1.8 per cent in 1951 to 6.2 per cent in 1960, Even if the absolute figures of government expenditures are adjusted for price level changes, the growth of expenditures at local level has been phenomenal. While the whole-sale price index (Seoul City) rose from 271 (base year: 1951=100) in 1953 to 1,164 in 1960, the index of the central government expenditures increase 979 (base year: 1951=100) in 1953 to 6,774 in 1960, and the index of the local government expenditures rose from 781 in 1953 to 13,774 in 1960.
Because local government sector consists of general government sector, special service sector and educational service sector, it is necessary to examine the trends of expenditures for each sector as a whole in order to measure the trends of local expenditures. However, completely accurate data of expendi

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序言
• Ⅱ. 地方經費의 膨脹과 支出構成의 變化
• Ⅲ. 一般事業部門의 歲出
• Ⅳ. 特定事業部門의 歲出
• Ⅴ. 敎育事業部門의 歲出
• Ⅵ. 結語