소금쟁이(Water-strider, Aquarius Paludum Fabricius)의 社會構造에 對하여 = Population Structure of the Water-strider, Aquarius Paludum Fabricius

국문 초록 (Abstract)

1967年 7∼8月에 걸쳐 日本 岡山市 스포츠 센터內의 연못에서 소금쟁이의 테리터리 構造 및 그에 따른 社會行動에 對해서 調査 硏究하였다.
1) 소금쟁이의 各 個體는 水面上의 어떤 部分에 活動面을 가지고 거기에서 活動하는 傾向이 있다. 活動面의 占居者는 싸움에 依해 活動面을 侵入者로부터 지켜지는데 이 活動面을 테리터리라 할 수 있다.
2) 테리터리는 늘 Amoeba狀의 型으로 變하고 어떤 範圍內를 流動하는 動的인 것으로서 테리터리의 境界는 明確히 認定하기 困難하다. 그리고 테리터리는 周緣部에서 서로 重複되어 있다.
3) 소금쟁이의 테리터리 構造는 어떤 場所와 個體와의 心理的인 結合과 同時에 個體間의 社會力學的인 關係로서 維持된다고 생각된다.
4) 鬪爭은 4種類가 觀察되었다.
第1은 테리터리 防禦를 위한 싸움.
第2는 먹이를 얻기 위한 싸움.
第3은 ??를 빼앗기 위한 ??間의 싸움.
第5는 新入者에 對한 定住者의 攻擊이었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The territorial organization and social behaviors of a water-strider, Aquarius paludum Fabricius were observed on a pond of OKAYAMA city sport center(OKAYAMA province, papan), during the mnths of August and September, 1967.
1. Each water-strider shows a strong tendency to occupy its domain on the water surface where the normal activity of individual water-striders take place. The portion of thecccupied domain is defended by the occupant through fighting against intruders. Therefore, itmay be said each individual has its own territory.
2. The territory of the water-strider is not concrete in pattern as it always changes its shape just as an amoeba does and slides about within a limited space. So the territorial boundary is obscure at any time. The territories of two or more individuals overlap one another especially at their marginal parts.
3. The territorial organization of the water-strider is held by the dynamic tension among the individuals as well as by the close attachment of each individual to a definite part of the water surface.
4. Four kinds of fighting have been observed: first, aggression by the occupant of a territory against intruders: second, warfare among the individuals to get foods falling on the water surface; third, fighting among the males to acquire a female or through unknown reasons: and last, the aggresion by the resident against the new commers into the artificial station. The fighting behaviors in the latter two cases are fiercer than those of the former ones.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 緖論
• Ⅱ. 觀察實驗場所, 期間 및 方法
• Ⅲ. 觀察 및 實驗의 結果
• Ⅳ. 考察
• Ⅴ. 摘要