交通事故에 關한 疫學的 硏究 = Epidemiological Studies on Road Traffic Accidents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Among all types of accidents, those caused by motor vehicles claim the largest toll of life and tend to be the most serious. The traffic accidents thus consist one of the leading causes of death in many parts of the world, particularly the more highly industrialized nations. Recent economic growth has enhanced urbanization of the country, but to the contrary, motor industry and road facilities have not progressed to provide safety transportation.
In a series of studies on this subject, the author observed road traffic accidents from the epidemiogical, etiological and preventive points of view. It was intended to provide basic materials and information not only for public health authorities but for transport authorities, citizens’ and the many other categories of workers concerned with the promotion of safety on the roads.
Crude data on road accidents were obtained for the various sources of government statistics including the Statistical Year Books edited by the Central Office of Economic Planning Board, annual reports edited jointly by the police authorities and the national and local associations for traffic safety.
From the data, incidence and mortality rates by age, sex and province were computed. Direct causes of accidents and various causative variables were analysed.
A total of 329 inpatients of traffic injuries admitted into the University Hospital during the year, 1966 underwent statistical analysis with a surgical standpoint and the following summary could be made:
(1) Injury rates from motor vehicles per 100, 000 for the period, 1951-1965, showed 11.6-35.0 and traffic death rates for the same period were 4.5-10.3. The ratio of death to injury varied from 2.6 to 6.2.
(2) Death rates per 1,000 vehicles ranged from 106.0 to 148.0 for the period, 1951-1955, with a peak in 1954 and showed afterwards a steady decrease as radged 37.4-72.5.
(3) Comparing death rates with western countries, it was shown that the death rates(1965) for the whole country was 6.08 and that for Seoul city alone 9.21 while other motorized western countries 10.0-25.6. On the contrary, the death rates computed per 1,000 vehicles showed 42.0 for the whole country and 19.4 for Seoul city, sharply compared with the western couotries having around 0.5-2.1
(4) Death rates(1964-1965) by sex showed 8.2 for male and 3.2 for female for the country while in Seoul city those were 13.2 for male and 4.7 for female.
(5) Death rates by age group for the whole country(1964-1965) were 11.0 under 15 years of age, 11.1 for 15-44 years and 12.3 above 45 years. Those for Seoul city revealed 18.7 under 15 years and 13.3 for the group of 14-44 years, 30.3 above 45 years.
(6) The frequency of accidents by Province indicated four provinces(Seoul special city, Kyongsang Namdo, Kyongsang Bukdo and Kyonggi-do) occupied approximately half the total accidents of the country. The number of accidents in Seoul city for the years 1955 and 1961 accounted for about 25% of the total cases of the country, but in 1965 it increased to 50% of the total.
(7) Direct causes of accidents that occurred in 1955 and 1961 were classified into 10% due to mechanical failure, 63% driver's fault and 26% pedestrians, but in 1965 the causes accounted for 15% due to mechanical failure, 66% driver's fault, and 20% pedestrians.
(8) Seasonal distribution of accidents indicated more cases in spring and fall seasons.
(9) The number of accidents by week day showed more cases on Monday and Tuesday than other days of the week.
(10) The 24 hourly distribution of daily accidents showed that accidents frequently occur during 7-9 o'clock in morning and 4-6 o'clock in the evening.
(11) The frequency of accidents as classified by the car owners indicated vehicles entitled to business enteprise had more accidents. A survey for the duration usage by type of vehicles revealed that 56% of all the public buses and 34% of all the load trucks currently in operation were found more than 20 years old.
(12) The age distribution of drivers involved in accidents(1965) indicated that the age group of 21-34 years occupied 60.8% of the total accidents of the country, while the same age group in Seoul city occupied 47.4% of the accidents in the city.
(13) Surgical classification of the injured treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery revealed fractures, 60.4%, abrasison 12.5%, laceration 8.3%, contution 4.16% and others 13.5%. Fractures of lower and upper legs, and of forearms occupied more than half the total patients. Neuro-surgical patients were classified as injures at parietal(31.8%), frnotal(15.0%), occipital(15.0%) bones and face(8.6%) all of which occupied half of the patients. Type of injuries indicated laceration, abrasion, skull fracture and subdural hematoma were more often which occupied 65.2% of the all cases.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序論
• Ⅱ. 調査方法
• Ⅲ. 成績
• A. 交通事故發生率
• (1) 全國交通事故의 年度別趨勢
• (2) 道別 交通事故의 年度別 比較
• (3) 性別 및 年齡群別로 본 全國交通事故 死亡率
• B. 事故原因
• (1) 事故의 直接原因
• (2) 事故에 미치는 時間的 要因
• a. 季節別
• b. 月別
• c. 曜日別
• d. 時間別
• (3) 車輛用途別 差異
• (4) 車輛老朽性
• (5) 事故運轉士의 年齡
• (6) 運轉免許 및 車輛數
• C. 交通事故의 臨床的 分析
• (1) 傷害者의 外科的 考察
• (2) 醫療費
• Ⅳ. 考察
• Ⅴ. 結論
• 文獻