사회적 요인이 슈퍼 에이저(superagers)의 인지-언어 프로파일에 미치는 영향에 대한 종단적 고찰 = A Longitudinal Examination of the Influence of Social Factors on the Cognitive-Linguistic Profile of Superagers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: It is necessary to longitudinally examine the cognitive-linguistic profile of super agers (SA) and the social factors influencing it.
Methods: This study involved 21 SA individuals aged 80 and older who participated at two-year intervals, analyzing their cognitive-linguistic abilities and social factors. The cog- nitive domain included attention, working memory, reasoning, problem-solving, and ex- ecutive function, while the language domain encompassed comprehension, expression, naming, reading, pragmatics, and subjective cognitive-language abilities. Social factors were categorized into two domains: (1) activity-related factors, including physical activity, leisure activities, literacy activities, and social participation, and (2) environmental factors, including communication partners, support groups, social networks/general interpersonal relationships, and help-seeking level.
Results: Key findings are as follows. First, with the exception of attention and problem- solving abilities, other functions showed no significant changes over time. Second, while leisure and literacy activities, and social participation showed significant differences over the two years, no significant changes were observed in physical activity, support groups, or social networks/general interpersonal relationships. Third, correlations between cog- nitive-linguistic profiles and social factors varied over time.
Conclusion: This study contributes to identifying longitudinal changes in social factors that influence the cognitive-language profiles of SA cohort, thereby providing a practical foundation for application to typical aging processes and neurological disorders. The findings can be utilized to develop effective maintenance strategies, identify modifiable variables, and design life-span-based intervention strategies. Furthermore, they may serve as evidence-based guidelines for proposing resilience mechanisms and preventive intervention models applicable across stages of aging.