창주(滄洲) 금익희(金益熙)(1610∼1656)의 정치활동(政治活動) = Kim Ikhee’s (1610∼1656) Politics

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Kim Ikhee was the grandson of Kim Jangsaeng, a famous Neo-Confucian scholar, politician and educator. He led a hard-line policy against the Manchus promoting Cheokhwa (a policy of rejecting a peace treaty with the Qing) during King Injo’s reign while advocating Bukbeollon (a policy of annexing the northern region) during King Hyojong’s reign.
Kim Ikhee passed the national examination at the age of twenty, some time after King Injo’s enthronement. He gained powerful political positions within the court and during Jeongmyohoran (the First Manchu Invasion of Korea in 1627), as a central member of the Cheokhwapa (a political faction that argued against making peace with the Qing), he devised a plan to drive out the Chinese.
Along with his father Kim Ban and the great scholar Kim Sangheon, Kim Ikhee argued against reconciling with the Qing Dynasty again during Byeongjahoran (the Second Manchu Invasion of Korea in 1636). After his mother, older sister and younger brother Kim Ikgyeom died in Ganghwado Island defending themselves against the attacking Manchus, Kim Ikhee burned even more for revenge against the Qing Dynasty.
Kim’s father died during the 18th year of King Injo’s reign. Once the mourning period ended, Kim Ikhee went to study under Kim Jip, a Neo-Confucian scholar, politician, educator and writer. During this period, he kept company with other Neo-Confucian scholars such as Song Siyeol and Song Jungil honing their friendship as well as their minds.
Kim returned to the royal court two years later during the 20th year of King Injo’s reign and while clashing with the Pro-Qing faction, he advocated the Daedongbeop (the Law of Uniform Land Tax) in addition to other reforms and national defense measures.
When King Hyojong ascended the throne, together with his like-minded colleagues such as Song Siyeol and Kim Honguk, Kim took Kim Jip, Kim Sangheon and other teachers to a scenic area and plotted how to drive out the Pro-Qing faction and put Bukbeollon into action all together. In the 7th year of King Hyojong’s reign, Kim held consecutive positions as the Ijopanseo (a minister of government administration) and invited retired scholars such as Song Siyeol and Song Jungil to advise the king in implementing reforms and Bukbeollon. The king accepted and approved of their suggestions but, Kim died in December of the 7th year of King Hyojong’s reign. During the course of his political activities, he became a core member of the Sandang, a faction of retired scholars that included Song Siyeol and Song Jungil. He also became a major political leader who held great sway over government policy towards the end of King Hyojong’s reign as well as during King Hyeonjong’s reign.