기업승계와 장수기업이 지역경제에 미치는 영향 분석 = Analysis on the Impact of Corporate Succession and Old Companies on the Local Economy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The average age of CEOs of the small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) in Korea is 58.8, and discussions are actively underway regarding the support towards the succession companies. Government authorities are also operating a system to support the succession companies, and recently global support is also being demanded. In order to have justification over the support for succession companies, the fact that it greatly contributes to the revitalization of the national economy and the regional economy must be acknowledged in advance. This study analyzed the degree of corporate succession revitalization of the national and regional economy through statistical and empirical analysis. With the purpose to secure the reliability of the analysis, the study has referred to the database of the “Integrated Management System for Small Business Recruitment Project” and the Korea Enterprise Data (KED), which can be the most differentiated aspect compared to the existing research of the past. According to the analysis, it shows that the old companies’ performance is significantly higher than the general companies in terms of sales, number of employees, assets, and operating profits…etc. The management performance of the old companies (which lasted over 30 years) more than doubles the performance of the start-ups (with less than 10 years of experience) in sales, triples the number of employees, doubles the assets, and more than doubles the operating profit. Thus, it is seen that the contribution to the overall economy is significant. Additionally, as a result of the empirical analysis of the relationship between the regional old companies and the regional economic revitalization, the non-metropolitan area shows better performance than the metropolitan area in terms of the number of employees, assets, borrowings, and rent, which entails policy implications of the polarization between the metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. In other words, it is found that old companies make a significant contribution to revitalizing the local economy, suggesting that further policies regarding corporate succession are required to support the old companies in the future.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

우리나라 중소기업 CEO의 연령은 평균 58.8세로 기업승계 지원과 관련된 논의가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 기업승계가 국가경제 및 지역경제활성화 정도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 자료의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 중소기업 통계DB가 가장 많이 구축되어있는 중소기업지원사업통합관리시스템과 한국기업데이터 DB를 활용하였는데, 이 부분이 기존 연구와의 가장 차별화된 부분이다. 업력별 경영성과를 보면, 장수기업이 신생기업보다 매출액은 2배 이상, 종업원 수는 3배, 자산은 2배, 영업이익은 2배 이상의 높은 성과를 보여주고 있어 국가경제 전반에 미치는 기여도가 상당함을 알 수 있다. 2008년부터 2020년까지 중소기업을 대상으로 SAS의 Stepwise 옵션을 활용하여 매출액과 종업원 수, 영업이익 등 변수 간 회귀분석을 통해 분석한 결과 비수도권이 수도권보다 종업원 수, 자산, 차입금, 임차료 등에서 좋은 성과를 보여주고 있다. 이는 장수기업이 지역경제활성화에 크게 기여있다는 정책적 함의도 나타나 장수기업의 기업승계 지원정책 마련이 필요하다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 한재훈, "기업의 장기적 생존을 위한 지역특성 고려의 필요성에 대한 탐색적 연구: 국내외 장수기업 연구와 사례를 기반으로" 한국경영컨설팅학회 13 (13): 511-533, 2013
• 2 남영호 ; 문성주, "가족기업의 성과에 관한 연구：코스닥 등록기업을 중심으로" 한국중소기업학회 29 (29): 21-48, 2007
• 3 이장우 ; 정수철 ; 마윤주, "가업승계와 가족기업의 경쟁력 : 에스엘 사례" 한국중소기업학회 32 (32): 145-166, 2010
• 4 이미영 ; 이덕훈, "가업승계기업의 장기성과에 관한 실증연구" 한국상업교육학회 32 (32): 93-121, 2018
• 5 Nate News, "[Changwon News] Sungwoo Co., Ltd. sponsors 5 million won in 5 local children’s centers, etc"
• 6 H. Bae, "Three conditions for long-lived companies, regional base + competitiveness +transformation" Busan Development Institute (230) : 2013
• 7 "The ‘pot economy’ with a strong back-innovative small middle market enterprise growth strategy"
• 8 Yonhap News, "The world getting drunk…Muhak World Liquor Museum Opened"
• 9 S. C. Shin, "The current status of long-lived companies in Korea and policy implications"
• 10 According to the website of the Family Business Foundation, "Stiftung Familienunternehmen is a foundation that supports family business in Germany"
• 11 H. S. Jung, "Status and Implications of Corporate Succession in Japan"
• 12 Japan Small and Medium Business Administration, "Small and Medium Business White Paper 2020 Edition, Small and Medium Business White Paper 2021 Edition" 2021
• 13 Small and Medium Business Administration, "Small and Medium Business Administration, Announcement of Introduction of Reputable Longevity Company Confirmation System"
• 14 Ministry of SMEs and Startups, "Report on the Status of Small and Medium Businesses as of 2019" 2019
• 15 B. S. Cho, "Policy Tasks for Facilitating Management Succession of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises"
• 16 National Statistical Office, "National Statistics Portal"
• 17 JoongAng Ilbo, "Muhak Liquor Museum’s ‘Good Day Museum’ Growing as a Landmark"
• 18 Miller, "Managing for the Long Run: Lessons in Competitive Advantage from Great Family Businesses" Harvard Business School Press 2005
• 19 Economy Chosun, "Exploring the case of family business ② Seongnam Enterprises: Three generations of ‘Woottuk’, a 30 billion-won company starting from a woodworking shop, armed with the craftsmanship of Daemok"
• 20 Yasumoto, "Endogenous Regional Promotion through Tourism, 「Longevity Company」 - with 「Omaru Asunaro Chief」 as an example -" (23) : 2016
• 21 COMMAX PR Center News, "Commax, Sharing Rice of Hope to Welfare Facilities in Seongnam"
• 22 D. H. Cho, "Characteristics of long-lived SMEs and analysis of longevity factors"
• 23 Busan Ilbo, "Busan is emerging as a hub for production of processed seafood"
• 24 S. C. Hong, "A Study on the Establishment of Institutional Foundation for Small Sized Enterprise Succession" Small and Medium Business Research Institute 2011
• 25 B. S. Kim, "A Study on the Effects of Successor Characteristics on Self-Efficacy, Management Performance, and Sustainability during Family Business Succession" 31 (31): 2017
• 26 Dynamic Busan, "63 years of craftsmanship… Pride of Busan fish cakes"
• 27 FEUSA, "2018 FEUSA Family Business Survey Final Report" 2018