검도의 변천과 발달과정에 대한 고찰 = Study on the Historical Development of Kumdo : Korean Swordsmanship
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1998
작성언어
Korean
KDC
690
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
23-43(21쪽)
제공처
소장기관
This study aims at ascertaining what kind of historical vicissitude Korean Swordsmanship, Kumdo has undergone in Korea and how it has grown into a sport match as it is now.
In order to achieve these goals, the utility of a sword and the social changes which have made influence on it are focused as a basic viewpoint and perspective. Four problems are thought to be solved; the first is what's the cultural and political meaning of development of a sword, the second is what's the historical vicissitude which the traditional Korean Swordsmanship has undergone, the third is when and how Japanese - created swordsmanship as a sport match was introduced into Korea and how it changed the traditional Korean Swordsmanship, and the fourth is what' s the value and characteristic of Korean Swordsmanship.
First, it is necessary to look into the origin and history of the sword. The sword was developed as a living tool at first, but it was changed into a weapon, In the Stone Age, the sword was mainly used as a hunting tool In the Bronze Age and Iron Age, the sword took amain part of weaponry. The bronze dagger was the typical sword type of the Bronze Age. The bronze dagger was originally imported into the Korean Peninsula from the northern tribes in Central Asia and Siberia, but later there appeared a unique type named 'sehyung donggem' In the Bronze Age, a bone dagger was also used as a weapon In the Iron Age, there appeared many kinds of iron swords, which are divided into two categories: the long one and the short.
Next, the historical vicissitude of the traditional Korean Swordsmanship has to be examined. The earliest form of Swordsmanship was an aspect of war and conquest in the Bronze Age and Iron Age. In the period of the three Kingdoms(Koguryo, Pagjae, Shille), an advanced form of Swordsmanship started to be developed by soldiers, especially in Koguryo, And 'Bongukgumbup (Swordsmanship of the State)' developed in Shilla is the beginning of the tralitional Korean Swordsmanship. In the early middle age(Korea: ancient Korea), the special forces of Korea named 'Sambyolcho' played an important role in the development of a more advancde form of traditional Korean Swordsmanship. In the late middle age(Chosun), many kinds of books on Swordsmanship were published and the Swordsmanship was adopted as one of the subjects of martial arts in the State Examination.
Third, it is important to find out how our modern Swordmanship was intrduced in Korea. Our modern Swordmanship was intoduced as a kind of military arts dy Japanese in the period of their rule over Korea. Japanese prohibited the traditional Korean Swordsmanship and forced their sport-like Swordmanship instead Japanese-created Swordsmanship match(they call it kendo) was originally designed to cultivate mind and body. In the match they use a bamboo sword instead of a genuine one. Since our liberation from Japanese rule, Korean Swordsmanship, which has basically the form of Japanese-created Swordsmanship, has been populstized and has become a daily sport. But it has lost much of its traditional essence as martial arts, for example 'Sangmu' spirit.
Fourth and in conclusion, it can be said that Korean Swordsmanship has succeeded in popularization but it needs to restore the secrets and essence of the traditional Korean Swordsmanship and develop its new varaion, which must be not only genetalized and systematic but also theoretically back-upped and functionally enhanccd. To make better Korean Swardsmanship, it is essential to develop new skills and instruments in accordance with our bodily and emotional.
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