온도가 화랑곡나방(나비목:명나방과)의 생활사에 미치는 영향 = Effects of Temperature on the Life History of Indian Meal Moth (Phralidae: Lepidoptera) on Brown Rice

국문 초록 (Abstract)

현미(Sativa oryzae L., 품종 일품)에서의 화랑곡나방(Plodia interpunstella H)의 발육과 생명표와 통계량을 다섯상이한 온도 조건(17, 20, 25, 28, $35\pm$$0.5^{\circ}C$ )에서 조사하였다. 온도에 대한 발육반응은 성 간에 차이가 없었다. 조사 온도범위에서 나방의 발육일수와 성충 수명은 온도가 높아짐에 따라 짧아져서 $17^{\circ}C$에서 각각 $149.9\pm$30.4일과 $38.1\pm$5.6일이었고 $32^{\circ}C$에서 각각 $19.4\pm$5.1일과 $6.9\pm$2.0일이었다. 우화율도 온도가 상승함에 따라 높아져서 $17^{\circ}C$에서 $13.0\pm$6.2%였고 $32^{\circ}C$에서 $49.2\pm$25.6%로 추정되었다. 그러나 부화율은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 $73.8\pm$5.3%로 정점에 도달한 후 다시 감소하여 $25^{\circ}C$를 경계로 이보다 높은 온도에서 부화가 저해되었다. 암컷 당 산란수는 17SIM 28$^{\circ}C$의범위에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 $32^{\circ}C$에서는 유의하게 적어서 산란수와 부화율 간에 밀접한 관계가 있음을 암시하였다. 암컷을 산란은 온도가 높아짐에 따라 우화 2일후로 집중되었다. 순증가율은 $28^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았고 $25^{\circ}C$와 $20^{\circ}C$의순으로 낮아졌으나 내적 자연증가율은$ 32^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높아 일당 0.065로 추정되었으며 이는 빠른, 높은 우화율, 산란의 우화초기집중에 의한 것으로 생각되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Development and life table statistics of indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella, Hiibner)on brown rice (Sativa oryzae L., var 'Ilpum' ) were tested under five different temperatures (17, 20, 25,28 and 3 2 f 0.5"C). The developmental response of females to the temperature was not significantlydifferent from that of males. In the tested temperature range, developmental period and life span of adultmoth decreased as the temperature increased and ranged from 149.9f30.4 to 38.1 k5.6 days and from19.4f 5.1 to 6.9k2.0 days at 17$^{\circ}$C and 32"C, respectively. Emergence rate increased with the increaseof temperature and ranged from 13.0f 6.2% at 17$^{\circ}$C to 49.2f 25.9% at 32$^{\circ}$C. However, hatching ratecurve in relation to the temperature was dome shape with the peak of 73.8 k5.37~a t 25"C, suggesting thathatching is inhibited by high temperature above that temperature. As the temperature increased, femalesconcentrated their oviposition on the second day after emergence. In the temperature range of 17 SIM 25"C, the number of eggs laid per female were not related to the temperature and ranged from 133.4f 37.6to 154.3k57.4. But the number of eggs laid per female decreased at 32$^{\circ}$C which suggests closerelationship with hatching ability. The net reproduction rate was highest at 28$^{\circ}$C and followed by those at25$^{\circ}$C and 20$^{\circ}$C. However intrinsic rate of natural increase of the moth population on brown rice wasestimated to be highest at 32$^{\circ}$C (0.065 per day), probably due to the short developmental period, highemergence rate and the concentrated oviposition of females on earlier days of the emergence.ition of females on earlier days of the emergence.