뇌졸중 발병기간에 따른 재활운동의 효과 비교 분석 = Effects of Rehabilitation Exercise According to Stroke Onset Duration: A Comparative Study

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이􏌩연구는􏌩뇌졸중􏌩발병기간에􏌩따른􏌩재활운동의􏌩효과를􏌩비교􏌩분석하여􏌩발병기간별􏌩재활운동􏌩적용􏌩 전략을􏌩제공하고자􏌩하였다. 뇌졸중􏌩장애인􏌩72명을􏌩대상으로􏌩발병기간에􏌩따라􏌩급성기(발병􏌩3개월􏌩 이내), 아급성기(발병􏌩3∼6개월􏌩이내), 만성기(발병􏌩6개월∼12개월􏌩이내)으로􏌩구분하였다. 모든􏌩 참가자에게􏌩근력운동, 순환운동, 조작운동으로􏌩구성된􏌩재활운동􏌩프로그램을􏌩총􏌩8주간, 주􏌩2회, 회당􏌩 60분씩􏌩적용하였다. 주요􏌩측정􏌩항목은􏌩신체조성(근육량, 골격근량, 체지방률, BMI, 기초대사량), 근력(등척성􏌩 근력), 근지구력(암컬, 윗몸일으키기), 심폐지구력(6분􏌩 걷기􏌩 검사), 유연성(윗몸􏌩 앞으로􏌩굽히기), 균형􏌩능력(Timed Up and Go)으로􏌩구성하였다. 분석결과, 집단􏌩간􏌩주􏌩효과와􏌩 상호작용􏌩효과가􏌩나타나지􏌩않았지만􏌩신체조성은􏌩아급성기의􏌩근육량, 골격근량, 체지방률에서􏌩 유의한􏌩차이를􏌩나타냈으며, 급성기와􏌩만성기의􏌩모든􏌩항목에서􏌩유의한􏌩차이가􏌩나타나지􏌩않았다.
근력과􏌩유연성은􏌩아급성기와􏌩만성기의􏌩모든􏌩항목에서􏌩유의한􏌩차이를􏌩나타냈으며, 급성기에서􏌩 유의한􏌩차이가􏌩나타나지􏌩않았다. 근지구력과􏌩심폐지구력, 균형능력은􏌩모든􏌩집단에서􏌩유의한􏌩차이를􏌩 나타냈다. 모든􏌩체력􏌩항목에서􏌩시기􏌩간􏌩주􏌩효과가􏌩나타났다. 이상의􏌩결과는􏌩복합적인􏌩재활운동이􏌩 뇌졸중􏌩장애인의􏌩건강􏌩관련􏌩체력􏌩및􏌩균형􏌩능력􏌩개선에􏌩긍정적인􏌩영향을􏌩미침을􏌩시사한다. 특히􏌩 효과가􏌩크게􏌩나타나는􏌩아급성기와􏌩만성기에􏌩집중적인􏌩재활운동이􏌩필요하며, 급성기는􏌩경직􏌩완화와􏌩 기능적􏌩움직임􏌩회복을􏌩중점으로􏌩한􏌩장기적이고􏌩체계적인􏌩재활운동이􏌩요구됨을􏌩알􏌩수􏌩있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aimed to compare the effects of a rehabilitation exercise program according to the duration of stroke onset. Seventy-two hospitalized stroke patients were divided into three groups: acute (within 3 months), subacute (3–6 months), and chronic (6–12 months). All participants completed an 8-week rehabilitation program that included basic, strength, combined, and applied circuit training, performed twice a week for 60 minutes per session.
Measurements included body composition, muscle strength, muscular endurance, cardiopulmonary endurance, flexibility, and balance. Although there were no main or interaction effects between groups, body composition showed significant differences in muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass, and body fat percentage in the subacute phase, and no significant differences in any items between the acute and chronic phases. Muscle strength and flexibility showed significant differences in all items in the subacute and chronic phases, and no significant differences were found in the acute phase. Muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and balance ability showed significant differences in all groups.
A main effect between periods was found in all physical fitness items. These findings suggest that complex rehabilitation exercises improve overall physical fitness and balance in stroke survivors, with more pronounced effects during the subacute and chronic stages, while long-term and systematic exercise may be required in the acute stage to reduce spasticity and restore function.