신학적, 심리학적 관점에서 본 지혜 = Theological and Psychological Perspective on Wisdom

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Humanity has longed for wisdom for thousands of years. Analyzing ancient and contemporary literature, wisdom was considered a desirable virtue to make life ethical along with knowledge. For modern people living in a flood of knowledge, wisdom is more necessary to select knowledge and apply it to human life. In this paper, researcher examined the wisdom spoken in theology and psychology and make educational suggestions on how to cultivate wisdom based on this.
The purpose of Israeli wisdom books is to help people live wise lives by sharing traditional wisdom with current wisdom. Most of the teachings specify how a person should behave in his or her personal or public life, and wisdom is the power of practice to have discernment and apply these knowledge to life.
In the psychological study of wisdom, three representative models were introduced: the Berlin Wisdom Project, the three-dimensional paradigm of Adelt's Wisdom, and neurobiological model of wisdom. In general, the components of wisdom include pro-social attitudes and behaviors, social decision/practical knowledge, emotional homeostasis, reflection/ self-understanding, value relativism/inclusiveness, and dealing effectively with uncertainty. Based on this, wisdom education methods such as spiritual life, self-reflection, critical thinking development, life experience, open mind, and mentors of wisdom, were presented.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

고대와 현대의 문헌들을 분석해 보면 지혜는 지식과 더불어 삶을 윤리적으로 만드는 바람직한 덕목으로 여겨졌다. 지식의 홍수속에 살고 있는 현대인에게 지혜는 지식을 분별하여 인간의 삶에 적용해 주는 역할을 한다. 본 논문에서는 신학과 심리학에서 말하는 지혜에 대해 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 어떻게 지혜를 함양할 수 있는지 교육적 제안을 하려고 한다.
이스라엘 지혜서들의 목적은 사람들이 분별력을 갖고 지혜로운 삶을 어떻게 살것인가를 돕는다. 지혜는 인생의 문제들에 대한 실용적인 해결책이다. 구약성경에 사용된 지혜에 해당 되는 말은 호크마(חכמה)인데, 지혜는 '여호와를 경외하는 것이다. 하나님을 경외하는 것은 적극적으로 하나님을 섬기고 그의 말씀에 순종하고 그 말씀을 삶에서 실천하는 것이다.
지혜에 대한 심리학적 연구에서는 대표가 되는 세가지 모델인, 베를린 지혜 프로젝트, 아델트의 지혜의 3차원 패러다임, 신경생물학적 모델을 소개하였다. 일반적으로 지혜의 구성요소는 친사회적태도와 행동, 사회적결정/실용적인 지식, 정서적 항상성, 성찰/자기이해, 가치상대주의/포용, 불확실성을 효과적으로 다룸 등이다. 이를 바탕으로 영적생활, 자기성찰, 비판적 사고개발, 삶을 경험, 열린마음, 지혜자를 멘토로 삼는것 등 지혜교육방법을 제시하였다.

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