다양한 농도의 에탄올로 추출한 불등풀가사리 추출물의 항산화, 항염 특성에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Gloiopeltis furcata Extract Obtained Using Different Concentrations of Ethanol

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the differences in the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects of Gloiopeltis furcata based on its extraction conditions. Methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of Gloiopeltis furcata extracts obtained using different concentrations of ethanol. Concomitantly, the concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids, which are antioxidants present in Gloiopeltis furcata extract, were measured. Additionally, in cell-based experiments, the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of a water extract, which exhibited the most potent antioxidative activity among all extracts, was measured. Results: In the DPPH assay, the Gloiopeltis furcata extract exhibited an antioxidant activity of 3.576 mg of ascorbic acid/g, whereas in the ABTS assay, the antioxidant activity was 4.892 mg of ascorbic acid/g. The polyphenol concentration was found to be 35.52±2.32 mg/g, whereas the flavonoid concentration was 0.88±0.34 mg/g. Furthermore, the extract had a cytotoxicity of ≤20% at all concentrations used in the experiment, thus indicating the absence of cytotoxicity and confirming that the extract was effective in reducing inflammation proportionally to its concentration. Moreover, the extract exhibited an anti-inflammatory activity of 47.66%±1.53% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Conclusion: Gloiopeltis furcata exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity in its water extract, and it was confirmed that the extract of Gloiopeltis furcata that was obtained through water had low cytotoxicity, an anti-inflammatory effect, and a commercial value.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목적: 본 연구에서는 불등풀가사리 추출 조건에 따른 항산화능 차이 및 불등풀가사리 추출물의 항염효과에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 방법: 다양한 농도의 에탄올로 추출한 불등풀가사리 추출물의 항산화능 측정을 위해서 DPPH assay와 ABTS assay를 실시하였다. 동시에 불등풀가사리 추출물에 대해 항산화 물질인 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 농도를 측정하였다. 세포실험 역시 가장 항산화력이 우수했던 수성 추출물의 세포 독성과 항염활성을 측정하였다. 결과: DPPH 실험에서는 3.576 mg ascorbic acid/g의 항산화능을 나타내었으며, ABTS 실험에서는 4.892 mg ascorbic acid/g의 항산화능을 나타내었으며, 폴리페놀 농도는 35.52±2.32 mg/g으로 나타났다. 플라보노이드 농도는 0.88±0.34 mg/g으로 나타났다. 세포독성의 경우 실험에 사용된 모든 농도에서 20% 이하의 세포 독성을 보여 세포독성이 없음을 확인하였으며, 농도 비례적으로 염증을 감소시키는 효과를 확인함과 동시에 100 μg/mL 농도에서 47.66±1.53%의 염증 억제능을 보였다. 결론: 불등풀가사리의 경우 수성 추출에서 가장 높은 항산화능을 나타내었으며, 불등풀가사리의 수성추출물의 경우 낮은 세포 독성과 항염효과가 있음을 확인하였으며, 상업적 이용가치가 있음을 확인하였다

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 김병록 ; 최윤희 ; 이학성 ; 정용기, "화장품용 해양치유자원의 안전성 및 품질 비교분석" 한국피부과학연구원 17 (17): 455-466, 2019
• 2 이나영, "해조류 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 및 Tyrosinase 억제 활성" 한국식품영양과학회 42 (42): 1893-1898, 2013
• 3 김승래 ; 이윤환, "해양유전자원과 전통지식의 법적 보호에 관한 연구" 한국법학회 20 (20): 1-42, 2020
• 4 유미영 ; 이상현, "지누아리(Grateloupia filicina) 추출물의 항산화 및 항염효과" 중소기업융합학회 12 (12): 119-126, 2022
• 5 김소정 ; 이건섭 ; 모상현 ; 박종범 ; 오정균 ; 정영재 ; 류태권 ; 이택견, "식용해조류 6종의 페놀성화합물 함량 및 항산화 활성" 한국산학기술학회 14 (14): 3081-3088, 2013
• 6 오병건 ; 안중관, "남서해안 다도해해상국립공원 해조군집" 한국수산과학회 54 (54): 101-106, 2021
• 7 신숙희 ; 강상모, "갈조류 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성" 한국미용학회 27 (27): 851-858, 2021
• 8 Brand-Williams W, "Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity" 28 : 25-30, 1995
• 9 Luthuli S, "Therapeutic effects of fucoidan : a review on recent studies" 17 : 487-, 2019
• 10 Chovatiya R, "Stress, inflammation, and defense of homeostasis" 54 : 281-288, 2014
• 11 이부연 ; 안진정, "Rhodiola rosea Root 열수 추출물의 항산화 및 항균효과" 한국피부과학연구원 20 (20): 541-549, 2022
• 12 Alfadda AA, "Reactive oxygen species in health and disease" 2012 : 936486-, 2012
• 13 Checa J, "Reactive oxygen species : drivers of physiological and pathological processes" 13 : 1057-1073, 2020
• 14 Cho M, "Radical scavenging activity of ethanol extracts and solvent partitioned fractions from various red seaweeds" 34 : 445-451, 2012
• 15 Schieber M, "ROS function in redox signaling and oxidative stress" 24 : R453-R462, 2014
• 16 Michel AS, "Physico-chemical properties of carrageenan gels in presence of various cations" 21 : 195-200, 1997
• 17 Glazer AN, "Phycobiliproteins—a family of valuable, widely used fluorophores" 6 : 105-112, 1994
• 18 Kammeyer A, "Oxidation events and skin aging" 21 : 16-29, 2015
• 19 Salvemini D, "Nitric oxide : a key mediator in the early and late phase of carrageenan-induced rat paw inflammation" 118 : 829-838, 1996
• 20 Minciullo PL, "Inflammaging and anti-inflammaging : the role of cytokines in extreme longevity" 64 : 111-126, 2016
• 21 강다미 ; 강상모, "Gracilaria spp. extract 항산화 활성" 한국미용학회 27 (27): 552-559, 2021
• 22 Verma H, "Extraction, purification and characterization of phycoerythrin from Michrochaete and its biological activities" 13 : 84-89, 2018
• 23 Jeeva JS, "Enzymatic antioxidants and its role in oral diseases" 7 : S331-, 2015
• 24 Wu Q, "Effects of physicochemical factors and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on antioxidant activity of R-phycoerythrin from red algae Bangia fusco-purpurea" 50 : 1445-1451, 2015
• 25 황은선 ; Nhuan Do Thi, "Effects of Extraction and Processing Methods on Antioxidant Compound Contents and Radical Scavenging Activities of Laver (Porphyra tenera )" 한국식품영양과학회 19 (19): 40-48, 2014
• 26 최인정, "Echinacea angustifolia 열수 추출물의 항산화, 항염 효과" 한국피부과학연구원 20 (20): 373-381, 2022
• 27 Sonani RR, "Concurrent purification and antioxidant activity of phycobiliproteins from Lyngbya sp. A09DM : an antioxidant and anti-aging potential of phycoerythrin in Caenorhabditis elegans" 49 : 1757-1766, 2014
• 28 Blois MS, "Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical" 181 : 1199-1200, 1958
• 29 Al-Amro AA, "Antioxidant activity of Rhodophyta Algae polysiphonia and Laurencia collected from the Arabian gulf" 12 : 71-75, 2019
• 30 Re R, "Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay" 26 : 1231-1237, 1999
• 31 Lee D, "Anti-inflammatory effects of dulse(Palmaria palmata)resulting from the simultaneous water-extraction of phycobiliproteins and chlorophylla" 100 : 514-521, 2017
• 32 Vashi NA, "Aging differences in ethnic skin" 9 : 31-38, 2016
• 33 Alexander B, "A simple and accurate mathematical method for calculation of the EC50" 41 : 55-58, 2019
• 34 Yokohama Y, "A comparative study on photosynthesis temperature relationships and their seasonal changes in marine benthic algae" 58 : 463-472, 1973