全北大學校 德津캠퍼스의 綠地空間 計劃에 關한 基礎的 硏究 = Fundamental Studies on the Open Space Planning of the Duckjin Campus, Jeonbug National University
저자
崔萬峰 (全北大學校 農科大學 林學科)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1983
작성언어
Korean
KDC
409.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
341-363(23쪽)
제공처
소장기관
This study was carried out for the purpose of seeking the fundamental direction for open space planning of the Duckjin campus, Jeonbug National University. The author investigated the natural situation of the Duckjin campus and inquired into the natural and functional conditions of the campus. The results of the investigation and inquiry can be summerized as follows;
1. Results of investigation
1) The Duckjin campus(386,000㎡) is composed of 990,000㎡, the First Region notified for facilities and about 396,000㎡, the Second Region and stands between the hilly area(26-57m above sea lavel) and flatland contiguous to a residential area at its northwest side. It is a good location for traffic because the four-lane road to Gunsan runs about 100m off the campus. The campus landscape gives a lot of effects on the city environment, too.
2) In the viewpoint of the scope and the prospect from the campus, the University stands adjacent to the Lake Duckjin and, in the north, against the background of the Mt. Gunji, the experimental plantation affiliated to this University, and there are Jeonju industrial complex in the west, especially, it commands a fine view over the natural landscape of Mt. Wansanchilbong and Mt. Moak in the south. So these mountains must be introduced into the campus as prospects.
3) Soil is composed mainly of the sand and sandy loam, and the physical properies of the soil are generally good. The pH of the soil seems to be profitable for plant growth as the acidity or seek acid. But, the more organic fertilizer for planting must be supplied, because the O.M.(%), available P_2O_5(ppm) and cation exchange capacity(C.E.C) are very poor.
4) For the climate conditions, annual air temperature is 12.8℃, the highest of the year is 25.9℃ of August, the lowest is -0.9℃ of January, the range of air temperature of the year is very large as the 26.8℃. The highest and the lowest air temperautre of the last 10 years are respectively 37.2℃ and -14.2℃. These can influence terribly to growth of plants. Annual mean of related moisture of atmosphere is 73.6%, the precipitation is 2,330㎜ during a year, and then, the range of annual precipitation is as much as 259.2㎜. Also, the precipitation of July and August of the year, is more than that of the others, but the period from the December until March of next year is shown as very dried season.
5) One hundred and nineteen species compose the campus gardens. Most of these species are the deciduous 65, the next is the conifers 35 species, and the least species are the evergreen broad-leaves 19. With 81 species the College of Agriculture has more species than any other college. Commom species among fifteen campus garden are 38, which are 18 conifers, 3 evergreen broad-leaved and 17 deciduous.
6) For the street trees, ginkgo, fir, flowering cherry and yellow poplar are planted on two streets, hymalayan ceder-tree on one street, and weeping willow on 5 streets. The hymalayan ceder trees planted on the right and the left side of main entrance street of University from the gate to the rotary garden look very good for the meaning of harmony plantings for the evergreen color rather than for he functions of street trees. And then, the age and the number of the other street trees are so young and so small that there are very limited characteristic for their meaning and functions in campus landscape.
7) The other elements composing the landscape of the Duckjin campus except the trees and lawns described before are two ponds, 2 pergolas, the gate of University, one fountain, and one leopard statue which is constructed in front of the main building of the University. The other things are only some benches and wast baskets etc.. The facilities which can be the symbols of history and trait on of the University and the landmarks of it are very poor.
8) The results of the questionnaire to the students on the landscape of the Duckjin campus can be summerized as follows;
(1) On the subject of campus beauty, 58.5% of the students replied that the campus is not beautiful, while 10.6% of the students replied that the campus is beautiful. At the gardens belonged to each college, more than 50% of surveyed students replied that they do not feel their satisfaction. For the reason of dissatisfaction on natural environment of the campus they opint out unreasonable arrangement of buildings(44.4%) and landscape planning. But the students who satisfied with them answered as the reason for the beauty of lawns.
(2) Main resting places which they used during summer are class room(31.6%), lawn(29.9%), vicinity of classroom(22.0%), forest(14.7%) etc.. What are needed for them as elements of landscape are first, more forest(78%), and next are orderly lawn(2.7%), flowering plants and flower bed(8.2%), bronze statue or symbol tower and statues(3.8%), pond and fountain(4.2%), and the arbor(2.5%) etc.
(3) Most of the students want to have the more naturalistic campus streets(77.8%), and as to the street planning of Duckjin campus one half of the students replied that it is good(51.3%), but other students want to have the direct roads between Home Economics Building of Educational College and the Library, the Forestry Building and Engineering College, and then the majority of the students(80.4%) wanted to have roads for a stroll road in the campus.
(4) Their preference for the street trees are as follows; ginkgo tree(16.8%), willow tree(15.7%), maple tree(12.9%), cherry tree (11.9%), ceder tree(10.5%), acacia tree(8.2%).
(5) The ginkgo tree marked the top as a symbol tree of the University(18.9%) next is zelkova tree(14.7%), and then korean pine(13.2%). And symbol flowers are magnolia(13.4%), lotus(13.4%) and camellia (13.4%).
2. Principles of planning
On the basis of the results of the investigation and questionnaire into the natural and functional condition of the campus, the author can present some fundamental directions for open space planning of the Duckjin campus as follows;
1) The first thing to be considered, in campus land use planning is the conservation of the beauty of nature, and the next thing is, in an unavoidable case, to use efficiently and naturally the environmental condition.
2) It's desirable to make open space planning in the viewpoint of majority of the campus space users, especially of the students and the professors rather than in the viewpoint of the university authorities.
3) In designing the general landscape of the Campus, the sky line of campus should have the rhythmmical varieties, the facilities should show the landmark in the tradition and locality of the country, and the space for campus life should be established in the landscape of functional and esthetic view point for the campus use of students.
4) The plan for the campus street should consider not only its function but also its comport to the passengers. Also, it must rationally seperate the vehicles from pedestrians and service road. In selecting street tree species it should simultaneously consider the characteristics of the campus streets and the suitability for the various functions of street trees.
5) There should be more lawns, groves, pergolas and green strolling streets as an outdoor space for talking, thinking, resting and recreation. Also statues, sculptures, stones, pagodas, towers, pools fountain and flower beds are the other necessary elements for open space landscape in the campus space. All necessary parts of visible campus landscape should have a harmonious relationship with the rhythmmical skyline of the campus.
6) The fundamentals of campus planting are to make the campus harmonized with good forests, to give us seasonally changeable varieties and to supply us the dynamic activity space and the statical resting place. The herbaceous flowers should be selected in the first place of the trees flowers for planting, and in case of shade trees, a lot of large trees should be planted as many as possible and should be planed to make a green campus during the short period.
7) About 5 percentage of total construction cost should be available for the annual budget for landscape. And then landscape architects should be employed to systemically supervise the campus landscape.
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