러시아 初期 人民主義에 관한 硏究 : 形成背景과 그 意味 = A Study on the Russian Early Populism (НароДничество): Background and Significance

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Purpose of this thesis is to understand both the formative background of the Russian Populism(Narodnichestvo) and significance.
The Russian Populism is an anti-Marxism ideology with a radical tendency for intelligentzia to sublimate agricultural communities and seek after a socialist society through anti-capitalism developement.
This breaks down into three periods, early, middle and late period Populism: (a) early period populism means 'V narod' movement (b) middle period Populism is divided into People's Will and Black Partition (c) The Russian Socialist Revolutionary Party's late period Populism.
Among them the thesis mainly deals with the early period Populism.
As for the intelligent background the early populism is based on the Russian intelligentzia's awakening from western culture shock, Westernism and Slavophilism, and especially Slavophile trend of thought called Anachism, Nihitism and the Russian Orthodox Christianity made a great contribution to the early Populism.
The main points of thought in the early Populism are summarized as follows: philosophical description of human beings, view of the Russian society and history, economic ethics, and political revolution theory.
In particular, the Populism as political revolution ideology is thought of as 'jump theory', the mass role and necessity of political education, and radicalism.
Such early Populism assumed the form of 'V narod' movement, which drove young intelligentzia to rural societies and made them render services to the people, educate them. And from them they acquired characteristics in Russian People's society, and then created unification between the Russian people and intelligentzia and then took it to socialist society.
Their final aim is to plant agricultural socialism to maintain Russian native culture. the above-mentioned early Populism can be said to have the following significances in the political and ideological aspects.
Firstly, it is distinctively a social change theory in the Russian manner.
Secondly, it has a deep cognizance of the public and its role.
Thirdly, Humanism, 'human character is superior' is found out in the system of thought.
Fourthly, it carries out its original long Russian revolution history, and has particularly affected the formation of Leninism.
Lastly, it was strikingly colored by Russian Slavic Nationalism.
The Populism, However, skewed to what lengths it could go without stoppage with the lapse of time. To construct an ideal society where freedom, democracy, and equality were assured, the Populism was simultaneously considerate of anti-democratic methodology by a handful of conspirators. This was the cause that the Populism was criticized afterward. But ironically a lot of strategy of the Populism was so accepted by the very Lenin's Bolsheviki that the Russian Populism came to be actualized and changed in quality.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.問題의 提起
• Ⅱ.人民主義 定義 및 時代區分
• Ⅲ.人民主義形式의 知的 背景
• 1.西歐의 衝擊과 인텔리겐찌야들의 知的覺醒
• 2.西歐化主義와 슬라브主義
• Ⅳ.人民主義의 思想體系
• 1.人間存在에 대한 哲學的 設明
• 2.러시아 社會 ㆍ 歷史觀
• 3.經濟論理
• 4.政治革命理論
• Ⅴ.初期 人民主義運動과 그 性格
• Ⅵ.맺음말 : 初期人民主義 政治思想的 意味