분권형 대통령제 개헌론에 대한 비판적 논의: 준대통령제에 관한 문헌 연구를 중심으로 = A Critical Review of the Decentralized Presidential System: Based on Literature Review on Semi-Presidentialism

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 글의 목적은 현행 대통령제의 대안적 정부 형태로 제시되고 있는 분권형 대통령제 - 준대통령제 - 에 대한 비판적 검토다. 분권형대통령제는 현재 학계, 정치권, 그리고 시민사회에서 정부 형태 변경을 위한 대안 중 하나로 인식되고 있다. 그러나 그간 제시되어 온 분권형 대통령제 개헌안은 대부분 이론적 논의와 규범적 처방에 그치고있는 경우가 많았다. 이 글은 학계에서 이루어진 준대통령제에 대한이론적⋅실증적 연구 성과들을 정리하고, 그에 근거해 분권형 대통령제 개헌론을 비판적으로 논의하고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저 분권형 대통령제를 둘러싼 한국 학계에서의 찬반론, 그리고 정치권에서 제안된분권형 대통령제 개헌론의 내용을 정리한다. 다음으로 준대통령제에대한 반대론과 옹호론을 살펴보고, 그를 입증하기 위해 수행된 경험적연구의 성과를 요약한다. 마지막으로, 이러한 문헌 연구에 근거하여분권형 대통령제 개헌 논의에서 고려해야 할 시사점들을 제시한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this article is a critical review of the decentralized presidential system - semi-presidentialism - which is being proposed as an alternative form of government to solve the problem of the current presidential system of Korea. The decentralized presidential system is currently recognized as one of the alternatives for changing the form of government in academia, politics, or civil society. However, most of the constitutional amendment proposals for the decentralized presidential system that have been proposed so far seem to have limitations in that they often end up as theoretical discussions and normative prescriptions. This article summarizes the results of theoretical and empirical research on the semi-presidentialism and critically raises issues that should be considered. To this end, this paper reviews the pros and cons of the decentralized presidential system in Korean academia and the contents of the constitutional amendment proposals for decentralized presidential system. And it summarizes the results of empirical research conducted to prove the arguments of the pros and cons of the semi-presidentialism.
Based on this literature review, the article suggests implications that should be considered in the discussion of the decentralized presidential system.

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