기드온 이야기 속 순환구조의 변형(삿 6:7-10) 연구 = A Study on the Modification of the Cyclical Structure in Gideon Story (6:7-10)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Analyzing the introduction of Gideon Story(6:1-10), I have found that the content of 6:7-10 is out of the typical pattern of the cyclical structure in the Book of Judges. As we could see it from the majority of scholars, “the Israelites cried out to YHWH for help” appears in v. 6 as well as v. 7. Also in this passage we could find the characteristics of the Dtr in terms of the words and concepts.
This study does not stop at the corner where the most of studies conclude that 6:7-10 was plausibly added later in the time of the exilic or the post-exilic time by the Dtr. It has tried to find out what kind of function this passage plays in the whole Book of Judges and in the story of Gideon.
First, there is a problem of the translation of 6:1. Because there is no word for “again” in MT, we should translate it as “The Israelites did what was evil in the sight of YHWH...” instead of “The Israelites again did what was evil in the sight of YHWH...” Second, the warning of the prophet in 6:7-10 is the second stage out of three stages structure beginning in chapter 2 and ending in chapter 10. Judges 2 warns Israel that YHWH would not remove the people of the land from before Israel. Then Judges 6 warns Israel that she did not listen to YHWH’s commandment and feared other gods. Judges 10 proclaims that YHWH would not save Israel ever again, the worst case. Third, the prophet’s warning shows that at that time all Israelites had worshiped other gods, especially Baal as in the case of Gideon story (6:25-32).
The opinion that 6:7-10 was added later by the Dtr would be plausible but no one could confirm it for sure. Instead, this study has tried to find out the function of 6:7-10 in the place where the introduction of Gideon is narrated. Although the pattern of the cyclical structure in the Book of Judges was modified, the writer secure the passage of 6:7-10 in the current place and the believing communities also have understood the meaning and the function of the passage and decided to pass the text on to the successive generations.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 사사기 6:7-10의 내용을신명기 역사가의 편집 결과라고 결론내리는 지금까지의 연구의 한계를 넘어서, 이 구절이 전체 사사기에서와 기드온 이야기에서 어떤 역할을 하고 있는지를 밝히려고 하였다.6:7-10 구절은 신명기 역사가의 후대 편집의 결과일 가능성도 물론 있다. 본 연구는 이런 편집 작업의 유래에 대해서 연구한 학자들의 의견을 존중하면서, 우리가 이 구절을 기드온 이야기 속에 포함된 상태로 본문으로 전해 받은 이유에 대해 질문을 던졌다. 사사기의 순환구조의 전형적인 패턴에서 벗어나는 위험을 감수하면서까지 선지자는 이스라엘 자손들에게 경고의 메시지를 선포하고 있다. 누구나 바알을 섬기는 배교행위가 보편화되어 있어서 기드온 이전의 사사시대와는 구별되는 더 심각한 악행이 기드온 시대에 시작되었다는 것을 보여주면서, 동시에 비록 선지자의 질책이 쏟아졌음에도 불구하고 여전히 여호와는 이스라엘을 기드온이라는 사사를 통해서 구원해 주시고 있다는 점을 강조하려는 의도가 6:7-10의 구절 속에 담겨 있다. 순환구조의 패턴에 맞추려고 내용을 타협하는 것이 아니라, 패턴을 깨뜨리는 한이 있어도 이스라엘 자손이 여호와께 돌아오기를 바라면서, 선지자의 말씀을 통해 경고하고 있는 여호와의 마음을 찾아 볼 수 있다. 유대 공동체와 교회 공동체도 이런 의미를 파악했기 때문에, 후대의 편집의 결과로 첨가 되었을 수도 있는 6:7-10의 내용을 기드온 이야기 속에 계속해서 포함시키면서 후대로 전해주었던 것이라고 할 수 있다.

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